基于方言分区视角的环渤海乡村住居形态研究

Research on the Form of Rural Residence around Bohai Sea from the Perspective of Dialectal Classification

方言分区是地域文化及自然环境纵横向时空运动共同作用的结果,乡村住居作为地域文化的载体,其形态与方言分区密切关联。以环渤海地区为研究地域,打破行政区划,结合文化地理和方言分区探讨乡村住居形态。基于建筑类型学,从平面、立面、材料、装饰4个层面识别、提取住居形态类型;通过叠合、类比、图解分析,发掘住居基型和形态演变关联的动因,探寻不同方言分区住居类型形态分异的机制,试图拓展住居形态研究的视角与方法。尝试建构环渤海乡村住居形态关联图谱,作为类型资源为区域内的乡村营建提供模式依托与参照。

Dialect division is the result of the vertical and horizontal space-time movement of regional culture and natural environment. As an important carrier of regional culture, rural residence is closely related to dialect differentiation. By breaking the administrative division, and combining with cultural geography and dialect division, this paper takes the Bohai Rim area as the research area to explore the rural residential form. Based on architectural typology, it identifies and extracts the types of residential form from four aspects: plane, facade, material and decoration. Through superposition, analogy and graphic analysis, it finds the basic morphotypes and the causes of their evolution, explores the mechanism of regional morphological differentiation, and attempts to expand the perspective and method of residential form research. This paper attempts to construct the map of rural residential types around Bohai Sea, and provides model support and reference for rural construction in the region as the type resource.