基于光纤传感的管道和容器压力测量方法研究

Rasearch on pressure measurement method of pipeline and vessel based on optical fiber sensor

为解决飞机、舰船、火箭、车辆、石油及天然气领域所涉及的管道和压力容器的压力测量问题,对涉及的管道、容器的压力泄露进行监测、泄露分析和预警,避免传统介入式测量方法弊端。应用一种基于光纤传感的管道和容器的压力测量方法,通过对光纤光栅波长和标准压力值的标定,拟合波长-压力直线的关系,以光纤光栅波长的变化表征管路压力变化。该方法克服管道和容器的壁厚影响,避免介入式测量的打孔要求和对系统内流体流场的干扰,能够有效地消除系统误差,提高测量精度。同时,该方法兼具光纤传感测量的优势,灵敏度较高,可以用于高温、高压、电气噪声、腐蚀或其他恶劣环境,同时能够克服管道和容器形状、安装位置及安装空间等的影响。这种基于光纤传感的管道和容器压力测量方法具有可行性,有重要使用价值。

In order to solve the pressure measurement problems of pipelines and pressure vessels involved in the fields of aircraft,ships,rockets,vehicles,oil and natural gas,and to avoid the disadvantages of traditional intrusive measurement methods.A pressure measurement method of pipeline and vessel based on optical fiber sensor is proposed.By calibrating the wavelength of fiber Bragg grating and standard pressure value,the relationship between wavelength and pressure line is fitted,and the change of fiber Bragg grating wavelength is used to characterize the change of pipeline pressure.The method overcomes the influence of the wall thickness of the pipe and vessel,avoids the drilling requirements of the intrusive measurement and the interference to the fluid flow field in the system,and can effectively eliminate the system error and improve the measurement accuracy.It can be used in high temperature,high pressure,electrical noise,corrosion or other harsh environment.At the same time,it can overcome the influence of pipeline and container shape,installation location and installation space.This kind of pressure measurement method based on optical fiber sensor is feasible and valuable.