国对联合国外交政策分析:从认知到行为--以20世纪70年代以来中国在安理会投票模式变化为例

An Analysis of China’s Foreign Policy towards the United Nations:From Cognition to Behavior-Taking the Changes of China’s Voting Pattern in the Security Council since the 1970s as an Example

自20世纪70年代初中国恢复在联合国的合法席位以来,联合国已成为中国彰显大国地位、拓宽外交战略空间、维护国家权益、表达国家意志的重要平台。自20世纪80年代以来,中国学界对联合国的研究,在客观认识、团队建设、理论成果等方面成绩日新。在不同年代,中国对联合国外交政策不尽相同,体现了对于国际形势、国家利益、中国自身与联合国角色等认知的不同。安理会投票行为的变化,是中国对联合国外交政策演变的晴雨表,历经“消极参与”“积极参与”“全面参与”“全力参与”“奋力参与”阶段。特别是在新冠肺炎疫情影响下,中国对如何调整对联合国外交政策,应有新的认知和作为。

Since China resumed its rightful seat at the United Nations in the early 1970s,the United Nations has become an important platform for China to highlight its status as a great power,broaden its diplomatic strategic space,safeguard its national rights and interests,and express its will.Since the 1980s,Chinese academic circles have made new achievements in objective understanding,team building,theoretical achievements and so on.In different times,China’s foreign policy towards the United Nations is different,reflecting the different cognition of the international situation,national interests,China itself and the role of the United Nations.The change in Security Council voting behavior is a barometer of the evolution of China’s foreign policy to the United Nations,which has gone through the stages of“passive participation”,“active participation”,“comprehensive participation”,“full participation”and“strenuous participation”.Especially in the final stage,under the influence of COVID epidemic,how China adjusts its foreign policy should have a new cognition and action.