2015—2017年中国6岁及以上居民在外就餐行为

Eating out behavior of residents aged 6 and above in China from 2015 to 2017

目的分析中国6岁及以上居民在外就餐行为现状。方法利用2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测中过去7天在外就餐行为数据,共纳入150 682名调查对象,其中2015年80 703名,2016—2017年69 979名。不同特征人群的就餐行为采用百分比进行描述,并用χ;检验进行比较分析。结果 2015—2017年中国居民在外就餐比例为46.3%,6~11岁、12~17岁、18~44岁、45~59岁和60岁及以上居民在外就餐比例分别为69.7%、84.6%、33.2%、19.8%和9.1%。城市和农村居民在外就餐比例分别为52.8%和41.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性和女性居民在外就餐比例分别为49.6%和43.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早餐、午餐和晚餐的在外就餐比例分别为31.4%、37.2%和21.4%,早餐、午餐和晚餐在单位/学校食堂就餐比例分别为17.3%、29.1%和15.1%。结论 2015—2017年中国6~17岁儿童青少年在外就餐比例较高,成人中18~44岁居民在外就餐比例最高,午餐在外就餐比例最高,在外就餐地点主要是食堂。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the eating out behavior of Chinese residents aged 6 and above from 2015 to 2017. METHODS Using the data of eating out behavior in the past week from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance(2015-2017), after data cleaning, a total of 150 682 subjects were included in this study, including 80 703 in 2015 and 69 979 in 2016-2017. The percentage of cases were used to describe the eating behaviors of different characteristics of the population, Chi-square test was used to comparative analysis. RESULTS From 2015 to 2017, proportions of eating out for all the three meals was 46.3% of Chinese residents aged 6 and above in the past week, that of were 69.7%, 84.6%, 33.2%, 19.8% and 9.1% of Chinese residents aged 6 to 11, 12 to 17, 18 to 44, 45 to 59 and 60 and above, respectively. The proportion of urban and rural residents eating out in the past week were 52.8% and 41.2%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The proportion of male and female residents eating out in the past week were 49.6% and 43.1%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Proportions of eating out for breakfast, lunch and dinner were 31.4%, 37.2% and 21.4% respectively of Chinese residents, that of were 17.3%, 29.1% and 15.1% of Chinese residents eating breakfast, lunch and dinner in work/school canteens. CONCLUSION Children aged 6 to 17 years old are the key groups for eating out. Among adults aged 18 and above, residents aged 18 to 44 have the highest proportion of eating out. Proportions of eating out for lunch is the highest and the main eating-out place is the canteen for Chinese residents.