思想革命化、集中统一化与策略灵活性:中国共产党对“布尔什维克化”的认识(1924-1927)

Revolutionization of Ideology,Centralization and Unification,Strategic Flexibility:CPC’s Understanding on"Bolshevization"(1924-1927)

“布尔什维克化”是1924年共产国际“五大”提出的重要理论,其要义是建设以共产国际为核心的统一性世界共产党组织,对各国共产党提出了三个方面的要求:一是在思想理论层面,坚持列宁主义思想指导;二是在组织建设层面,建设集中统一的群众化政党;三是在策略原则层面,制定与执行正确的政治路线。作为中共党史上的重要概念,中共对“布尔什维克化”的认识包括思想理论、组织建设和策略原则三个维度:思想理论方面,党必须掌握与运用列宁主义思想;组织建设方面,党必须集中统一化与群众化;策略原则方面,党必须制定与执行正确的政治路线并运用灵活的革命策略。总体而言,“布尔什维克化”与马克思主义中国化是一种“同向良性互动”关系——双方在时间上并行,内容上既有交界又相互独立,这是特定历史阶段中共“布尔什维克化”的特点之所在。

"Bolshevikization"is a theory put forward by the 5th Congress of the Communist International in 1924,with the exploration of building a new proletarian party as the essence.Its connotation includes,firstly,it adheres to the guidance of Marxism and Leninism at the ideological and theoretical level;secondly,it is committed to building a centralized and unified mass political party;thirdly,in terms of the strategic principle,the Communist International should formulate and implement the correct political line.As a crucial concept in the history of the CPC,the CPC’s understanding of"Bolshevikization"includes three dimensions:ideological theory,organizational construction and strategic principle.Concerning ideological theory,the Party must master and apply Leninist thought.In terms of organizational construction,the Party must achieve centralization,unification and popularization.As for the strategic principle,the Party must formulate and implement a correct political line and use flexible revolutionary strategies.Generally speaking,"Bolshevikization"and sinicization of Marxism are a kind of positive interactive relationship in the same direction--the two are parallel in time and mix sameness and independence in content,which is the characteristic of"Bolshevikization"of CPC in a specific historical stage.