日本生活垃圾焚烧灰渣处理技术现状及趋势

Current Situation and Trend of Domestic Waste Incineration Ash Treatment Technology in Japan

目前,日本生活垃圾焚烧灰渣常采用4种处理方法,即熔融处理、水泥固化、药剂稳定化和酸提取。日本现有的固体废物熔融技术可以分为电热式、燃料式和气化熔融式三大类,又可细分为12个小类。本文总结了不同炉型的特点,统计了不同熔融设备在日本的实际使用情况和变化规律。研究表明,单独设置灰渣熔融炉来处理焚烧灰渣的项目减少,气化熔融炉在日本使用越来越广泛。

At present,four treatment methods are commonly used in Japan’s domestic waste incineration ash,namely melting treatment,cement solidification,chemical stabilization and acid extraction.The existing solid waste melting technology in Japan can be divided into three categories,namely electric heating type,fuel type and gasification melting type,and can be subdivided into 12 sub-categories.This paper summarizes the characteristics of different furnace types,and makes statistics on the actual use and changing laws of different melting equipment in Japan.Studies have shown that the number of projects with separate ash melting furnaces to deal with incineration ash and slag has decreased,and gasification melting furnaces have become more and more widely used in Japan.