试论明代世情小说“图文评本”中插图、文本、评点之关系——以崇祯本《金瓶梅》为例

On the Relationship between Illustrations,Texts and Comments in the Illustrated Commentary Versions of Realistic Novels in Ming Dynasty——Taking Chongzhen Edition of Chin P’ing Mei as An Example

中国古典小说版本有两种特殊的形态:一种是评点本,另一种是图文评本。就图文评本而言,插图和评点是文本的两翼,既依附于文本而存在,又是对文本的诠释和延伸。明代世情小说多以图文评本的形式刊刻发行,其中又以崇祯本《金瓶梅》为代表。崇祯本《金瓶梅》附有200幅精美的插图,以独具匠心的图像语言再现了文本内容,表达了画工对文本的理解和认识;无名氏的评点直接表达了评点者对文本的态度和倾向。插图和评点共同为文本增添了色彩。插图在形象再现文本的同时,也含蓄地传达出插图作者的判断和评价,是另一种形式的批评,由此,插图与评点之间的关系也值得我们思考。通过评点和插图对人物形象、故事情节的具体评价,发现在小说“图文评本”中,作为同一个出版体系的插图与评点之间有着复杂的关系。

There are two special forms of Chinese classical novels,one is the commentary version,the other is the illustrated commentary version.As far as the illustrated commentary version is concerned,illustration and commentary are the two wings of the text.They not only exist attached to the text,but also interpret and extend the text,which not only exist depending on the text,but also interpret and extend the text.Most of the realistic novels in the Ming Dynasty were published in the form of illustrated commentary version,and Chongzhen edition of Chin P’ing Mei is the representative.The Chongzhen edition of Chin P’ing Mei is accompanied by 200 exquisite illustrations,which reproduce the content of the text with original image language and expresses the illustrator’s understanding and knowledge of the text;the comments of the unknown person directly express the critic’s attitude and tendency towards the text.The illustrations and comments together add color to the text.While the illustration vividly reproduces the text,it also implicitly conveys the judgment and evaluation of the illustrator,which is another form of criticism.Therefore,the relationship between illustrations and comments is also worth thinking about.Through the specific evaluation of the characters and plot by comments and illustrations,it is found that there is a complex relationship between illustrations and comments as the same publishing system in an“illustrated commentary version”of novel.