早期心脏康复护理对急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后运动耐力及预后的影响

Effect of Early Cardiac Rehabilitation Nursing on Exercise Tolerance and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

目的:探讨早期心脏康复护理在急性心肌梗死(AMI)行经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2018年8月—2020年8月南阳市第一人民医院收治的88例AMI患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为两组。对照组44例采取常规护理,观察组44例实施早期心脏康复护理。比较两组患者干预前和干预2周后运动耐力[6min步行实验(6MWT)]及心功能指标[左心室射血分数(LVEF)],统计并比较两组患者心脏不良事件发生情况。结果:观察组干预后6MWT为(359.84±31.52)m,长于对照组的(336.19±30.24)m,观察组干预后LVEF为(56.87±3.23)%,高于对照组的(52.97±5.86)%,差异有统计学意义(t=3.592,P<0.05;t=3.866,P<0.05)。观察组心脏不良事件发生情况少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.062,P<0.05)。结论:早期心脏康复护理能够提高AMI患者PCI术后运动耐力,促进心脏功能改善,降低心脏不良事件发生率。

Objective:To explore the application effect of early cardiac rehabilitation nursing in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:88 patients with AMI in the hospital from August 2018 to August 2020 were randomly divided into two groups.The control group(44 cases)was given routine nursing,while the observation group(44 cases)was given early cardiac rehabilitation nursing.The exercise endurance(6 min walk test[6MWT])and cardiac function indexes(left ventricular ejection fraction[LVEF])were compared between the two groups of patients before and 2 weeks after the intervention,and the occurrence of adverse cardiac events between the two groups of patients was counted and compared.Results:The 6MWT of the observation group after intervention was(359.84±31.52)m,which was longer than(336.19±30.24)m of the control group.The LVEF of the observation group after intervention was(56.87±3.23)%,which was higher than(52.97±5.86)%of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=3.592,P<0.05,t=3.866,P<0.05).The incidence of adverse cardiac events in the observation group was less than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.062,P<0.05).Conclusion:Early cardiac rehabilitation care can improve the exercise endurance of AMI patients after PCI,promote the improvement of cardiac function,and reduce the incidence of adverse cardiac events.