有色金属行业节能减排成效及碳达峰思路研究

On Effect of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in the Non-ferrous Metal Industry and Idea of Carbon Dioxide Peaking

作为我国重要的基础原材料工业和碳排放重点行业,有色金属行业碳达峰对我国碳达峰、碳中和目标的实现具有重要意义。“十三五”时期,我国有色金属行业节能减排工作持续推进,在能耗降低、绿色发展、技术水平和产品结构提升、再生资源利用以及政策体系完善方面取得了突出的成效。基于全生命周期理论的碳排放测算和分析发现,市场需求的增长对碳排放产生的压力较大。有色金属行业还存在碳排放相对集中、自备电比重相对较高、有色金属行业区域差异化特征明显、产业组织结构相对分散等特征。从系统观念出发,应进一步统筹好行业发展与节能减排之间的关系、整体减排与不同地区和品种减排的关系、长期“碳中和”与短期“碳达峰”之间的关系,更好地推动有色金属行业实现碳达峰。

The non-ferrous metal industry is an important basic raw material industry and a key carbon emission industry in China,and its carbon dioxide peaking is of great significance to achieve China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.During the“Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”period,the nonferrous metal industry of China continued to promote energy saving and emission reduction,and outstanding achievements have been made in terms of energy consumption reduction,green development,improvement of technologies and product structure,renewable resource utilization,and policy system improvement.Carbon emissions calculation and analysis based on the Whole-life Cycle Theory found that the growth of market demand put greater pressure on carbon emissions.Meanwhile,the non-ferrous metal industry was characterized by relatively concentrated carbon emissions,relatively high self-provided electricity,obvious regional distribution,and relatively scattered industrial organization structure.From the point of system concept,the government should further coordinate the relationship between industry development and energy saving and emission reduction,overall emission reduction and emission reduction of different regions and varieties,as well as long-term“carbon neutrality”and short-term“carbon dioxide peaking”,promoting the non-ferrous metal industry to achieve the goal of“carbon dioxide peaking”.