自然资源资产国家所有权委托代理行使的法律表达

The Legal Expression of the State Ownership of Natural Resources Assets Exercised by Proxy

自然资源资产全民所有与国家所有具有一致性,国务院代表国家行使自然资源资产国家所有权是所有权主体具象化的需要。在自然资源资产国家所有权初始配置上,分级代理行使与委托代理行使是两种不同的模式。"统一代表+代理行使"模式是我国自然资源资产国家所有权行使体制改革的基本方向,在自然资源资产私权定位和两权分离的前提下,"委托代理"的性质更适宜界定为民事委托代理。在委托模式下,自然资源部和省级政府为委托关系的主体,委托的客体应坚持公益性和经营性资产分类原则、结合重要性和地域性予以界定,委托内容的核心是自然资源部对自然资源资产所有权处分权能的控制与行使。代理行使的具体规则需要结合委托模式的特殊性,进行代理权授予、复代理的限制及代理权瑕疵处理的专门化设计。

The ownership of natural resources assets by the whole people is consistent with that of the state.The State Council exercises the state ownership of natural resources assets on behalf of the state,which is the need of the concretization of the ownership subject.In the initial allocation of national ownership of natural resources assets,hierarchical agency and principal-agent are two different modes."The mode of unified representative+agency"is the basic direction of the system reform of the exercise of state ownership of natural resources assets in China.Under the premise of the positioning of the private rights of natural resources assets and the separation of the two rights,the nature of"principal-agent"is more suitable to be defined as civil principal-agent.Under the entrustment mode,the Ministry of Natural Resources and the provincial governments are the main bodies of the entrustment relationship.The object of entrustment should be defined according to the classification of public welfare and operating assets,combining the importance and regionality.The core of entrustment content is the control and exercise of the power of disposition of the ownership of natural resources assets by the Ministry of Natural Resources.The specific rules of agency exercise need to be combined with the particularity of the entrustment mode to carry out the specialized design of the grant of agency power,the restriction of reagency and the handling of agency defects.