辽金元织绣品中春水秋山纹的艺术表征与意蕴解读

Artistic representation and implication interpretation of Chunshui and Qiushan patternsin textiles during the Liao,Jin and Yuan Dynasties

春水秋山纹自辽代以来,便是中国装饰纹样中极富民族特色的传统纹样之一,是北方游牧民族对其狩猎生活的艺术创作产物。本文以辽金元时期织绣品中的春水秋山纹为研究对象,依托实物样本图片,结合相应文献资料,厘清春水秋山纹概念,对织绣品中春水秋山纹的题材类型、造型手法和构图方式进行整理和总结,并进一步结合实例归纳总结出春水秋山纹的艺术特征与文化意蕴。研究表明,织绣品中春水秋山纹民族风格鲜明,其纹样的艺术表征呈现出“狩猎之景”的题材选择、“以情写景”的表现手法和“整体统一”的构图形式,展现了游牧民族浓郁丰富的北国风情、别具一格的游猎风尚及各民族文化间交互融合的艺术魅力。本文研究成果有助于为深入研究民族艺术文化价值提供一定的借鉴和途径,为现代创新设计提供相应的纹样素材和风格选择。

Chinese traditional patterns are an important manifestation form of Chinese traditional art which not only has a unique artistic style but also reflects the changes and development of our history,embodying the cultural characteristics of different periods.Since the Liao Dynasty,the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns have been one of the traditional patterns with rich ethnic characteristics in Chinese decorative patterns,as well as the artistic creation of the northern nomads in their hunting life.At present,there are few studies on the Chunshui and Qiushan pattern,and the relevant literature has only briefly elaborated the shape and structure of Chunshui and Qiushan patterns in the weaving and embroidery,lacking systematic arrangement and cultural connotation research on the patterns.An in-depth study of the patterns will help us better understand the history of the times and the wisdom of the people of the times,so as to help us further appreciate the national spirit and national aesthetics.It will provide corresponding theoretical references for subsequent research on the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns in textiles of the Liao,Jin and Yuan Dynasties.This paper takes the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns in textiles of Liao,Jin,and Yuan Dynasties as the research object and conducts analysis based on the physical sample pictures in combination with corresponding literature.First of all,the origin and concept of the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns are clarified.And then this paper sorts out and summarizes the subject types,modeling techniques and composition methods of the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns in the weaving embroidery.Finally,the artistic characteristics of the pattern are summarized combined with practical examples.In addition,the cultural connotation contained in the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns is summarized from the perspective of the background of the times and the aesthetics of folk customs.Research shows that:1)the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns originated from the"Nabo(temporary camps for the emperors)"system in the Liao Dynasty,which depicts the hunting scene of the rulers of the Liao Dynasty in four seasons.In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties,the"Nabo"system became more popular in more abundant forms.The Chunshui and Qiushan patterns also conformed to the times and ushered in the peak of development.2)The national style of Chunshui and Qiushan patterns in the textiles of the Liao,Jin,and Yuan Dynasties has a distinctive ethnic style,and the artistic representation of the patterns is rich and diverse.The theme of the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns originating from the hunting scene is the artistic creation after the ingenious combination of hunting environment and hunting elements.Summarization and creation through the method of scenery style with emotion can make the pattern vivid and flexible,so that people can feel the tenacious vitality.The composition form of the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns also follow the form of"overall unity"in traditional Chinese aesthetics.It highlights the theme of the patterns and brings rich artistic expression through a stable and harmonious composition method.3)In this paper,the cultural implication of the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns are interpreted from the perspectives of history and folklore.It is found that the artistic beauty of the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns contain the aesthetic style expression for the northern ethnic groups,showing the rich northern customs of nomadic ethnic groups.The hunting scenes depicted by the patterns also reflect the nomadic people’s inheritance of their unique hunting customs.The blending of pattern themes also highlights the artistic charm of the interactive integration of various ethnic cultures.The excavation and in-depth study of the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns in weaving and embroidery has important research significance and research value.The research results are conductive to providing some reference and methods to deepen the study of ethnic art and cultural values,and can provide materials for nationalized patterns and artistic style options for modern design.In the future,it is feasible to conduct comparative research on the stylistic influence of the Chunshui and Qiushan patterns from the research perspective of the cultural differences between ethnic groups,further enhancing the depth and breadth of research on the patterns and exploring more hidden values and cultural symbols in them.