油茶三萜类成分及其药理活性的研究进展

Research progress on triterpenoids from Camellia oleifera and their pharmacological activities

油茶Camellia oleifera是我国重要的木本食用油料树种,也是世界4大木本油料作物之一。大量现代植物化学研究发现油茶中主要含有三萜类、黄酮类及鞣质类等成分,其中三萜皂苷是油茶中的主要化学成分,该种植物的皂苷母核多为齐墩果烷型五环三萜,且具有丰富的药理活性,如抗肿瘤、心血管系统保护、降血糖、调血脂、杀菌、神经细胞保护、抗炎等活性。对油茶三萜类成分及其药理活性的研究进展进行综述,同时,针对其抗肿瘤活性进行构效关系分析,以期为油茶这一药食两用资源的综合开发利用提供一定的科学依据和理论参考。

Camellia oleifera is an important woody edible oil tree species in China.Also,it is one of the four major woody oil crops in the world.A large number of modern phytochemical studies have found that C.oleifera mainly contains triterpenoids,flavonoids,and tannins,and so on.Among them,pentacyclic triterpene saponins with oleanane-type are the main chemical components which possess many pharmacological activities,such as anti-tumor,cardiovascular system protection,hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic,bactericidal,nerve cell protection,and anti-inflammatory activities.Research progress on triterpenoids from C.oleifera and their pharmacological activities as well as the structure-activity relationship analysis of anti-tumor activity of these natural products were reviewed in this paper,to provide a certain scientific basis and theoretical reference for the comprehensive development and utilization of C.oleifera as a dual-purpose resource of medicine and food.