基于热管技术的锂离子电池热管理研究进展

Research on Progress in Thermal Management of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Thermotube Technology

锂电池由于具有能量密度高和使用寿命长等优点而被广泛应用于电动汽车。但由于其性能和寿命对温度非常敏感,因此,设计良好的锂电池热管理系统成为电动汽车发展过程中的关键技术。介绍了温度对电池性能的影响,阐述了当前形势下电池热管理系统的标准,回顾了空气冷却、液体冷却和相变材料冷却优缺点,重点介绍了以热管技术为基础的电池热管理研究现状,从电池与热管间的热量传递、热管的选型与结构设计和散热段冷却方式等3个方面阐述了当前对应于热管的有关研究及问题。最后,总结当前应用研究下的不足和需要突破的关键问题,以期促进电池热管理系统的开发和研究。

Lithium batteries are widely used in electric vehicles due to their high energy density and long service life. However,because its performance and life span are very sensitive to temperature,a well-designed thermal management system for lithium batteries has become a key technology in the development of electric vehicles. This paper introduces the impact of temperature on battery performance,expounds the current battery thermal management system standards,and also reviews the advantages and disadvantages of air cooling,liquid cooling and phase change material cooling. Then the paper emphatically introduces the research status of battery thermal management based on thermotube technology,describing the current research and problems related to thermotube from three aspects:heat transfer between battery and heat pipes,selection and structure design of heat pipes and cooling mode of heat dissipation section. Finally,the paper summarizes the shortcomings and key problems in the current application research to promote the development and research of battery thermal management system.