灵芝孢子壳聚糖分离提取工艺优化研究

Optimization of isolation and extraction process of Chitosan from Ganoderma lucidum

为实现灵芝孢子粉的高效利用,本研究对灵芝孢子粉残余物中壳聚糖的提取工艺进行了优化。首先通过单因素试验确定试验条件并进行正交试验设计,再经正交试验确定最佳提取工艺,而后对该工艺条件下所提取的壳聚糖进行质量分析。结果表明,NaOH质量分数40%、温度90℃、水浴时间4 h,为最佳壳聚糖提取条件,该条件所得壳聚糖脱乙酰度为91.52%,且各项指标均符合GB 29941-2013《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂脱乙酰甲壳素(壳聚糖)》。该研究结果为灵芝孢子粉残渣中的壳聚糖分离提取提供了新的工艺条件和理论依据。

The optimum conditions of extracting chitosan from the residue of Ganoderma lucidum spores by chemical method were studied. Firstly,the range of experimental conditions was determined through single factor experiment for orthogonal experimental design,and then the optimal extraction process was comfirmed by orthogonal experiment,and the quality of extracted chitosan was analyzed. The results showed that optimal extraction conditions were as follows:the mass fraction of NaOH was 40%,the temperature was 90℃ and the water bath time was 4 h. The deacetylation degree of chitosans obtained under these extraction conditions was 91.52%,and all the indicators were in line with GB29941-2013. The results provided a new technological condition and theoretical basis for the isolation and extraction of chitosan from residue of Ganoderma lucidum spores.