基于叶片形态特征的金秀罗香乡茶树种质资源多样性分析

Diversity Analysis of Tea Plant Germplasm in Jinxiu Luoxiang Township Based on Leaf Morphological Characteristics

本试验对收集的广西来宾市金秀瑶族自治县罗香乡的60份茶树种质资源的16个叶片形态性状进行测量与遗传多样性分析。结果表明:金秀瑶族自治县罗香乡茶树种质的叶片性状多样性主要集中在叶形、叶色、叶基、叶身、叶尖和叶面6个变量,这6个变量可解释总遗传多样性变量的72.621%,可作为基于茶树叶片进行分类鉴定和筛选资源的主要指标。聚类分析将60份种质资源分为4类,第一类1份,鉴别特征是叶形、叶基;第二类2份,鉴别特征是叶色;第三类32份,鉴别特征是叶面、叶身;第四大类25份,鉴别特征是叶尖。金秀瑶族自治县罗香乡的茶树种质资源间表现出较大的遗传变异性,其中叶形、叶色等决定茶树品种适制性的重要指标变异丰富,具有较高的育种潜力,本试验结果可为金秀罗香茶树种质资源的创新利用提供理论参考。

In this study,16 leaf morphological characters of 60 tea plant germplasms collected from Luoxiang Township in Guangxi were measured and analyzed for genetic diversity.The results showed that the leaf character diversity of tea plant germplasm in Luoxiang Township mainly focused on six,including leaf shape,leaf color,leaf base shape,leaf cross section,leaf apex shape and leaf upper surface,which explained 72.621% of the total svariations,and could be used as the main indicator for classification,identification and selection of resources based on tea leaves.In addition,cluster analysis divided 60 collections into 4 categories,in which the first category included 1 copy with the identifying characteristics of leaf shape and leaf base shape.While the second category included 2 copies,and the identifying characteristic was leaf color.The third category included 32 copies,the distinguishing characteristics were Leaf upper surface and leaf cross section.The fourth category included 25 copies,the distinguishing characteristic was leaf apex shape.It was found that the tea plant germplasms in Jinxiuluoxiang Township showed great genetic variability,among which the leaf shape,leaf color and other important indicators that determine the processing adaptability of tea plant cultivars have rich variation and have high breeding potential.This work provided theoretical references for the innovative utilization of tea plant germplasms in Jinxiuluoxiang.