皖西金寨方言“在”的用法及其来源

The Usage and Origin of“Zai”in Jinzhai Dialect in Western Anhui

金寨方言中的“在”不仅可以在句末单独使用,还可以和其他成分搭配使用,表示动作或状态的持续。从和周边方言相关句式的共时对比来看,金寨方言具有中原官话和江淮官话的混合性特征。通过历时溯源发现:金寨方言中的助词“在”是古代表示持续的结构“在这里/那里”虚化后产生的。

“Zai”in Jinzhai dialect can not only be used alone at the end of a sentence,but also can be used with other components to indicate the continuation of an action or state.From the synchronic comparison with surrounding dialects,Jinzhai dialect embodies the mixed characteristics of Central Plains mandarin and Jianghuai mandarin.Through diachronic tracing,it is found that the final particle“zai”in Jinzhai dialect is generated after the ancient continuous structure“Zai Zheli/Nali”was blurred.