从“行政干预”到“国家治理”:新制度主义视域下传媒政策的演化路径研究

From Administrative Intervention to National Governance: Study on Evolution Path of Media Policy by Perspectives of New Institutionalism

本文尝试通过新制度主义分析范式的复合视角分析传媒政策的制度化过程,用以阐释我国媒介体制中的“国家角色”的结构性特征与演化机理。研究发现财政政策、产业政策与监管政策构建了结构性的制度体系,其演化机制既承续传媒历史起源的特殊性,并与中国产业融合的大趋势保持与时俱进,具有创新性、开放性和连续性的重要特征,与此同时还将社会伦理的规范性原则纳入其中。总体而言,研究提示中国媒介体制区别于西方的重要特征,即中国传媒政策的演化路径经历了从“行政干预”到“国家治理”的变迁,国家角色不再以单一化的行政干预方式呈现,而是以国家、市场与社会的复合型关系,以国家治理的方式形塑当代中国媒介体制,避免了以工具性或市场利益遮蔽公共性的“单一目标取向”,也避免了将政策过程转变为去政治化、追求技术性事务优先的“技治主义”。

This paper analyzes the institutionalization of media policy by perspectives of new institutionalism,to explain the structural characteristics and evolution mechanism of“State Role”in China’s media system.It is found that the fiscal policy,industrial policy,and regulatory policy in Chinese media have constructed a set of structural institutional system,and its evolution mechanism not only inherits the particularity of the media’s history in China,but also keeps pace with the general trend of industrial convergence employing some significant features of innovation,openness,and continuity,but also integrates the normative principles of social ethics.This study suggests that the evolution path of China’s media policy,different from the west,has experienced a switch from“administrative intervention”to“national governance”,that is,the role of the state is no longer presented in a single way of administration intervention,but in the way of national governance with a compound relationship between the state,market,and society to construct the modern media system.