免费孕前优生健康检查对降低神经管畸形、指(趾)畸形、唇腭裂、先天性心脏病、重型地中海贫血出生缺陷发生的影响研究

A Study on the Impact of Birth Defects in China Sea Anemia

目的研究分析免费孕前优生健康检查对降低出生缺陷发生的影响,出生缺陷包括神经管畸形、指(趾)畸形、唇腭裂、先天性心脏病、重型地中海贫血,针对已婚适龄女性孕前开展自身疾病防治和减少新生儿出生缺陷的效果。方法随机选择2018年1月—2021年1月计划怀孕夫妇4000对,参加免费孕前检查为观察组(2000对),不参加孕前检查为对照组(2000对),对两组夫妇进行18个月的随访,观察记录新生儿质量。结果观察组新生儿出生缺陷发生率0.05%明显低于对照组新生儿出生缺陷发生率0.90%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.995,P<0.05)。结论免费孕前优生健康检查可从源头上控制出生缺陷发生率,可提高出生人口素质改善民生,孕前优生健康检查可有效完成对出生缺陷高危人群相关风险因素的评估和干预,可在医疗机构中广泛推广。

Objective The study analyzes the impact of free pre-pregnancy health check-ups on reducing the incidence of birth defects.Birth defects include neural tube deformity,finger(toe)deformity,cleft lip and palate,congenital heart disease,and thalassemia major.Targeting married women of school age to carry out their own disease prevention and treatment before pregnancy and the effect of reducing birth defects in newborns.Methods Randomly selected 4000 couples who plan to become pregnant from January 2018 to January 2021.Participating in the free pre-pregnancy check-up was the observation group(2000 couples),and not participating in the pre-pregnancy check-up was the control group(2000 couples).The couples in the two groups were followed up for 18 months to observe and record the quality of the newborn.Results The incidence of birth defects in the observation group was 0.05%,which was significantly lower than that of 0.90%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=18.995,P<0.05).Results Free pre-pregnancy eugenic health check can control the incidence of birth defects from the source,improve the quality of the birth population and improve people's livelihood.Pre-pregnancy eugenic health check can effectively complete the assessment and intervention of related risk factors for people at high risk of birth defects.It can be widely used in medical institutions.