公共空间应用人脸识别的法理逻辑与制度建构

Legal logic and System Construction of face Recognition in Public Space

风险社会下,为应对空前激发的安全保障诉求,公共空间开始普及人脸识别应用,产生了个人身份建构权侵犯等风险。公共安全保障不得以牺牲个人利益为代价,人脸识别在公共空间的大规模运用应以公共安全保障与个人身份保护并重作为价值目标,体现从个人信息有序共享向个人身份保护的理念转换。为平衡公共安全与个人身份保护,应构建法律、技术、伦理"三位一体"的系统规制体系。具体而言,我国应强化公共场所管控者的"守门人"义务,明确开发者基于信息身份保护的设计义务,同时培育公众的"数字理性"素养。

In a crisis-ridden society, in order to cope with the unprecedented demand for security protection, public spaces have begun to popularize face recognition applications, resulting in the risks such as infringement of personal identity construction rights. Public safety guarantees must not be at the expense of personal interests, and the large-scale use of face recognition in public spaces should take public safety and personal identity protection as value goals, which reflect the concept of changing from the orderly sharing of personal information to the protection of personal identity. In order to balance public safety and personal identity protection, a “trinity” system of law, technology and ethics should be built. Specifically, China should strengthen the “gatekeeper” obligation of public place controllers, clarify the design obligations of developers based on information identity protection, and cultivate the public’s “digital rationality” literacy.