2016-2020年度集美区HIV患者自愿咨询抗体检测结果的分析

Analysis of Antibody Test Results of HIV Patients Voluntary Counseling in Jimei District From 2016 to 2020

目的分析集美区疾病预防控制中心(center for disease control,CDC)2016—2020年度的HIV自愿咨询抗体检测结果,为艾滋病宣传教育及干预措施工作提供依据。方法采集5 mL的静脉血,用酶联免疫试剂初筛HIV抗体,初筛阳性的标本再用金标法和酶联免疫法复检。若检测结果均为阴性,则记录阴性;若两种方法中一种方法阴性一种方法阳性或两种方法都阳性,再将标本送厦门市CDC艾滋病确证实验室用免疫印迹法确证。结果2016—2020年度,共检测1057份标本,阳性率为7.38%。从每年的阳性率来看,有上升趋势,2018年度开始上升明显,2020年度阳性率相对较低。1057例求询者中,未婚为主,占67.36%;男性为主,占90.92%;大专及以上文凭为主,占60.36%;年龄以20~39岁为主,占77.67%;传播途径:以男男同性传播为主,占73.08%。男性961例、女性96例,男、女比为10.01∶1,男、女HIV抗体阳性率分别为7.39%、7.29%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);男男性行为史、配偶/固定性伴阳性者、商业异性性行为史、非商业异性性行为史4类人群的阳性率分别为7.88%、7.04%、6.25%、7.46%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论集美区近年来HIV疫情呈上升趋势,集美区HIV主要传播方式为男男性传播,自愿咨询检测是发现高危人群艾滋病感染者及对该人群宣传干预的重要窗口,应加强宣传干预力度,做到早检测、早发现,从而减少艾滋病的传播,对于艾滋病的防控有着非常积极的意义。

Objective To analyze the results of HIV voluntary counselling antibody test in Jimei district from 2016 to 2020,and to provide the basis for AIDS education and intervention measures.Methods 5 mL of venous blood was collected,and HIV antibody was screened by ELISA.The positive samples were re-tested by gold standard method and ELISA.If all the test results were negative,the record was negative.If one of the two methods was positive or both of the two methods were positive,the specimen was sent to the Xiamen CDC AIDS confirmation laboratory for confirmation by Western blot.Results From 2016 to 2020,a total of 1057 samples were detected,and the positive rate was 7.38%.From the annual positive rate,there was an upward trend.It began to increase significantly in 2018,and the positive rate in 2020 was relatively low.Among the 1057 inquirers,unmarried accounted for 67.36%;male accounted for 90.92%;college degree or above accounted for 60.36%;age was 20 to 39,accounting for 77.67%;route of transmission:male homosexual transmission accounted for 73.08%.There were 961 males and 96 females,and the ratio of males to females was 10.01:1.The positive rates of HIV antibody in males and females were 7.39%and 7.29%respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The positive rates of men with a history of male behavior,spouse/partner positive,commercial heterosexual behavior and non-commercial heterosexual behavior were 7.88%,7.04%,6.25%and 7.46%respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion The HIV epidemic in Jimei district has been on the rise in recent years.The main transmission mode of HIV in Jimei district is male-male transmission.Voluntary counseling and testing is an important window for finding HIV infected people in high risk groups and publicity and intervention for this group.We should strengthen the publicity and intervention,so as to achieve early detection and early detection,so as to reduce the spread of AIDS,which has a very positive significance for the prevention and control of AIDS.