预见性护理干预对老年股骨颈骨折患者术后疼痛程度及生活质量的影响分析

Effect of Predictive Nursing Intervention on Postoperative Pain Degree and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Femoral Neck Fracture

目的:分析预见性护理干预在老年股骨颈骨折患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年2月―2020年3月濮阳市安阳地区医院收治的85例老年股骨颈骨折患者作为研究对象,均进行人工置换术治疗,根据建档时间不同分为对照组42例和研究组43例。对照组给予常规护理干预,研究组在常规护理基础上接受预见性护理干预,比较两组患者术前术后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、干预前后心理状态(SCL-90)变化、并发症(感染、压疮、DVT及便秘)、生活质量综合评定问卷—74(GQOLI-74)评分及护理满意度。结果:术后3 d、5 d、7 d研究组VAS评分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(t=1.354、4.301、4.116、5.551,P<0.05)。干预后研究组SCL-90各维度焦虑情绪、恐怖症状、敌对态度及抑郁情绪评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=8.607、10.124、6.697、7.563,P<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率为9.30%,低于对照组的30.95%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.224,P<0.05)。干预后研究组GQOLI-74评分较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(t=4.505,P<0.05)。研究组护理满意度为93.02%,高于对照组的73.81%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.701,P<0.05)。结论:预见性护理干预应用于老年股骨颈骨折患者中,可改善患者心理状态,减轻术后疼痛,降低并发症发生风险,提高患者生活质量,增强护理满意度。

Objective:To analyze the effect of predictive nursing intervention in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods:From February 2019 to March 2020,85 elderly patients with femoral neck fractures in the hospital were selected.They were all treated with artificial replacement and divided into control group(42 cases)and study group(43 cases)according to the time of filing.The control group received routine nursing intervention,on the basis of the control group,the study group received predictive nursing intervention.The visual analogue scoring method(VAS)before and after the operation,the changes of mental state(SCL-90)before and after intervention,complications(infection,pressure ulcer,DVT,constipation),comprehensive quality of life assessment questionnaire-74(GQOLI-74))scores and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:At 3 d,5 d,and 7 d after operation,the VAS score of the study group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=1.354,4.301,4.116,5.551,P<0.05).After the intervention,the scores of anxiety,horror symptoms,hos⁃tile attitude and depression of the study group in all dimensions of SCL-90 were lower than those of the control group,and the dif⁃ference was statistically significant(t=8.607,10.124,6.697,7.563,P<0.05).The complication rate in the study group was 9.30%,which was lower than 30.95%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.224,P<0.05).After the in⁃tervention,the GQOLI-74 score of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically sig⁃nificant(t=4.505,P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the study group was 93.02%,which was higher than 73.81%of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.701,P<0.05).Conclusion:Predictive nursing intervention applied to elderly patients with femoral neck fracture can reduce postoperative pain,reduce the risk of complications,and improve the quality of life of patients.