全方位护理干预在重症哮喘合并呼吸衰竭气管插管患者中的应用观察

Observation on Application of All-round Nursing Intervention in Patients with Severe Asthma Complicated with Re⁃spiratory Failure

目的:分析全方位护理干预在重症哮喘(SA)合并呼吸衰竭(RF)气管插管患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性选取2019年5月—2020年3月濮阳市安阳地区医院收治的84例SA合并RF气管插管患者为研究对象。常规组41例予以常规护理干预,研究组43例予以全方位护理干预。比较两组患者恢复进程[机械通气时长、重症监护室(ICU)住院时长]、干预前后心理状态[抑郁—焦虑—压力量表中文简版(DASS-21)评分]、并发症[呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)、压疮、气管套管阻塞及感染]发生情况。结果:研究组患者机械通气时间、ICU住院时间较常规组缩短,差异有统计学意义(t=5.039、4.552,P<0.05);干预后研究组DASS-21评分较常规组降低,差异有统计学意义(t=4.940,P<0.05);研究组VAP、感染发生率及气管套管阻塞均较常规组降低,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.808、5.956、5.520,P<0.05)。结论:全方位护理干预应用于SA合并RF气管插管患者中,可降低相关并发症发生率,减轻不良心理,促进患者恢复。

Objective:To analyze the effect of all-round nursing intervention in severe asthma(SA)patients complicated with respiratory failure(RF).Methods:A total of 84 patients with SA and RF endotracheal intubation admitted to the hospital from May 2019 to March 2020 were selected as research objects.The routine group(41 cases)received routine nursing intervention,and the study group(43 cases)received all-round nursing intervention.The recovery process(duration of mechanical ventilation and length of ICU hospital stay),psychological state before and after intervention(DASS-21),and complications([VAP],pressure sore,trachea cannula obstruction and infection)were compared between the two groups.Results:The duration of mechanical ventilation and the length of ICU stay in the study group were shorter than those in the control group,with statistically significant difference(t=5.039,4.552,P<0.05).After the intervention,the DASS-21 score of the study group was lower than that of the routine group,with statistically significant difference(t=4.940,P<0.05).The incidence of VAP,infection incidence,and tracheal cannula obstruction in the study group were all lower than those in the conventional group,with statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=4.808,5.956,5.520,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of all-round nursing intervention in SA combined with RF tracheal intubation can reduce the incidence of related complications,alleviate bad psychology,and promote the recovery of patients.