我国北方典型城市居民人体血清中PCDD/Fs暴露水平:性别差异与年龄变化趋势

Exposure level of PCDD/Fs in the human serum samples from a typical city in northern China:Sex difference and age trend

多氯代二苯并二恶英(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins,PCDDs)和多氯代二苯并呋喃(poly chlorinated dibenzofurans,PCDFs)因具有环境持久性、生物累积性和高毒性而广受人们关注.本研究采集了我国北方典型工业城市烟台市共计480位居民的血清,其中男性和女性血清样本各240份,年龄范围为18—54岁,测定和分析了PCDD/Fs的浓度水平和单体组成特征,讨论了不同年龄段及男女性别之间的暴露差异.男性血清中PCDD/Fs的平均浓度为231 pg·g^(-1),女性为156 pg·g^(-1),主要单体分别为OCDF和1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF;男性血清中PCDD/Fs的平均毒性当量浓度为11.0 pg·g^(-1),女性为18.7 pg·g^(-1).在25—29、30—34、35—39的3个年龄段中,男性血清TEQ水平高于女性,其余均低于女性,这可能与男女职业暴露差异有关.20—24岁女性血清中TEQ水平最高,主要由较高浓度的1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD造成.25—54岁女性血清样本中TEQ浓度随年龄增大而增大,这可能与人体年龄增长而新陈代谢强度降低有关,导致人体组织中PCDD/Fs随年龄增长而逐渐累积.男性年龄与血清中的TEQ不呈相关性.此外,penta-CDF、hexa-CDF、penta-CDD和hexa-CDD是TEQ的主要贡献同系物,占比80.5%以上.考虑到该市存在可能的工业暴露源,PCDD/Fs对城市居民造成的健康风险应持续关注.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)have attracted much attention due to their environmental persistence,bioaccumulation and high toxicity.In this study,serum samples were collected from 480 residents in Yantai,a typical industrial city in northern China.There were 240 male serum samples and 240 female serum samples,whose age ranged from 18 to 54.The concentration and congener composition characteristics of PCDD/Fs were measured and analyzed,and the exposure differences of ages and sex were discussed.The average serum PCDD/F concentrations were 231 pg·g^(-1) in males and 156 pg·g^(-1) in females,and the main congeners were OCDF and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF,respectively.The mean toxic equivalent(TEQ)concentrations of PCDD/Fs in serum were 11.0 pg·g^(-1) in males and 18.7 pg·g^(-1) in females,respectively.The serum TEQ level of males was higher than those of females in the ages of 25—29,30—34 and 35—39,and the rest were lower than those of females,which may be related to the differences in occupational exposure between males and females.Serum TEQ levels were highest in women aged 20—24 years,mainly caused by high concentrations of 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD.The concentration of TEQ in serum samples of women aged 25—54 increased with age,which may be related to the decrease of metabolic intensity with increased human body ages,resulted in PCDD/Fs accumulated gradually with age in human tissues.There was no correlation between TEQ in male serum and age.In addition,penta-CDF,hexa-CDF,penta-CDD and hexa-CDD are the major contributory homologs of TEQ,accounting for more than 80.5%.Given the potential sources of industrial exposure in the city,continued attention should be paid to the health risks posed by PCDD/Fs to urban residents.