2020-2021年流感流行季基层医务人员流感疫苗推荐行为和影响因素调查

Primary healthcare worker recommending behavior for influenza vaccine and factors influencing recommending behavior during the 2020-2021 influenza season:a cross-sectional survey

目的了解基层医务人员流感疫苗推荐行为及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,于2020年12月选择3个省份9个城市的58家社区/乡镇医疗机构的医务人员开展网络问卷调查,分析2020-2021年流感流行季基层医务人员流感疫苗推荐率及其影响因素。结果2020-2021年流感季研究对象流感疫苗推荐率为88.3%(3404/3856)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,工龄7-12年(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.22-2.22)/13-22年(OR=2.31,95%CI:1.66-3.20)/≥23年(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.54-2.94)、社区卫生服务中心(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.28-2.04)、预防保健科室(OR=2.28,95%CI:1.39-3.75)、流感和流感疫苗知识得分高(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.04-1.32)、2年内有流感疫苗接种史(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.36-2.25)、认为流感疫苗非常安全(OR=3.39,95%CI:1.16-9.93)、所在单位提供接种流感疫苗服务(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.63-3.36)、参加过流感/流感疫苗培训或宣传(OR=2.98,95%CI:2.34-3.78)的研究对象的流感疫苗推荐率更高。结论2020-2021年流感季基层医务人员流感疫苗推荐率较高。需加强基层医务人员的流感和流感疫苗健康教育、流感疫苗接种和预防接种可及性。

Objective To explore the behavior of primary healthcare workers regarding their recommendations for influenza vaccination and factors influencing their recommending influenza vaccine.Methods We used a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to select healthcare workers from 58 community/township medical institutions in 9 cities of 3 provinces in December 2020 for an online questionnaire-based survey.We analyzed the rate at which primary care providers recommended influenza vaccination and the influencing factors for the 2020-2021 influenza season.Results Among the 3856 respondents,88.3%(3404)recommended influenza vaccine for the 2020-2021 influenza season.Multivariate logistic regression showed that recommending rates were higher among subjects who had worked for 7-12 years(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.22-2.22),13-22 years(OR=2.31,95%CI:1.66-3.20),and≥23 years(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.54-2.94);who worked in community health service centers(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.28-2.04);who worked in healthcare clinics(OR=2.28,95%CI:1.39-3.75);who had a high score of influenza and influenza vaccine knowledge(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.04-1.32);who had received influenza vaccination themselves in the last 2 years(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.36-2.25);who believed influenza vaccine was safe(OR=3.39,95%CI:1.16-9.93);whose work units provided influenza vaccination services(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.63-3.36);and who participated in influenza training or publicity(OR=2.98,95%CI:2.34-3.78).Conclusions The rate at which primary healthcare workers recommended influenza vaccine was high in the 2020-2021 influenza season.We need to strengthen influenza and influenza vaccine health education,influenza vaccination,and vaccination accessibility for primary healthcare workers.