天问一号中分辨率相机的设计与验证

Designing and validation of moderate-resolution camera of Tianwen-1

中国首次火星探测任务天问一号实现火星环绕和着陆巡视,开展火星全球性和综合性探测,并对火星表面的重点地区进行精细巡视勘察.中分辨率相机是搭载在环绕器上的主要科学载荷之一,其科学探测任务是对火星表面进行成像,绘制火星全球遥感影像图,进行火星地形地貌及其变化的探测,包括火星表面成像、火星地质构造和地形地貌研究.中分辨率相机在设计上采用了轻小型的一体式设计,主要由光学镜头、焦面组件、相机控制组件、电源与接口组件、相机支撑组件、热控组件和基准组件组成.在定标上开展了辐射定标、颜色定标和几何定标,保证相机能真实、正确地获取火星表面的探测数据.本文介绍了中分辨率相机的探测任务、系统组成、工作原理、地面定标试验及结果,为科学数据处理及应用提供参考.

China’s first Mars exploration mission Tianwen-1 will achieve Mars orbiting, landing and roving conduct global and comprehensive surveys and perform detailed inspections and surveys of key areas on the surface of Mars. A moderateresolution camera is installed on the orbiter to image the surface of Mars, draw its global remote sensing image map, and explore the topography, geomorphology, and geological structure of Mars. The moderate-resolution camera is light weight and has a compact integrated design, which mainly comprises optical, focal plane, camera-control, power and interface, camera-support, thermal-control and reference modules. Radiometric, color, and geometric calibrations have been conducted to ensure that the camera accurately acquires the detection data of the surface of Mars. This paper introduces the detection mission, system composition, working principle, ground calibration test and results of the moderate-resolution camera and provides a reference for scientific data processing and applications.