高速列车轴箱轴承载荷分布测试研究Ⅱ:实验装置及实验研究

Research on the load distribution measurement of high-speed train axlebox bearing.Part Ⅱ:experimental set-up and experimental study

为准确测试高速列车轴箱轴承内部滚子和滚道间接触载荷及其分布,本文选择轴承座箱体环向开槽的测试方案对轴箱轴承座进行改造,并搭建了高速列车轴箱轴承载荷分布测试实验装置。采用基于应变检测的轴承载荷分布测试方法,实测得到了宏观外部载荷在双列圆锥滚子轴承中的载荷分配,确定了单列轴承承受的外加载荷由3个滚动体分配并传递。动态测试结果表明,轴承高速运转时,内部滚子和滚道间的接触载荷是不断变化的,这种波动是微小的轴承滚子直径尺寸差异造成的。

In order to accurately measure the contact load and its distribution between the rollers and raceways in the axlebox bearing of high-speed train,this paper selects the scheme of circumferential notching to modify the bearing housing.An experimental set-up for measuring the load distribution of axlebox bearing of high-speed train is built.Using the established experimental method,the load distribution in double row tapered roller bearing is determined,and it is shown that the external load borne by single row bearing is distributed and transmitted by three rolling elements.The dynamic results show that the contact load between the roller and the raceway is constantly changing when the bearing runs at high speed,and this fluctuation is caused by the small difference in the size of the roller.