基于16S rRNA基因分析异育银鲫肠道微生物多样性

Intestinal Microbiota Analysis in Gibel Carp Carassius auratus gibelio Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequence

异育银鲫是我国主要淡水养殖鱼类之一。结合Illumina高通量测序技术和传统分离培养技术探究异育银鲫肠道菌群组成特点,以期为异育银鲫人工养殖环境的微生态调控技术开发提供指导。高通量测序分析结果表明,不投喂任何饵料的野生组和投喂商品化饲料的养殖组异育银鲫肠道微生物丰度及多样性水平差异不显著,但两组肠道菌群结构差异显著。在门水平上,养殖组厚壁菌门的相对丰度显著高于野生组,而变形菌门显著低于野生组(P<0.05);在属水平上,养殖组气单胞菌属、假单胞菌属和消化链球菌属的相对丰度均显著高于野生组(P<0.01),而红杆菌属的相对丰度显著低于野生组(P<0.01)。传统细菌分离鉴定结果表明,两组异育银鲫肠道中可分离培养细菌均以葡萄球菌属为主,其次为微球菌属;同时,从两组中均分离到芽孢杆菌属;野生组异育银鲫肠道经分离培养所得细菌种类多于养殖组。本试验结果将为异育银鲫健康养殖业的发展提供理论基础。

Gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio is the mainly economical farmed fish species in China. In this study, Illumina sequencing and traditional bacterial isolation techniques were combined to analyze the intestinal microbiota of gibel carp to provide a good guidance for sustainable gibel carp culture. Illumina sequencing revealed that the intestinal microbial richness and diversity in wild group did not change significantly compared with the culture group, with significant difference in microbiota structure. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly higher in the culture group than that in the wild group, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly lower than that in the wild group(P<0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and Peptostreptococcus was significantly higher in the culture group than that in the wild group(P<0.01), while Rubrobacter was significantly lower than that in the wild group(P<0.01). According to the traditional bacterial isolation and identification analysis, Staphylococcus was the predominant genus in both wild and culture groups, followed by Micrococcus. Additionally, Bacillus was also isolated from the intestine of gibel carp in both groups. There was significantly more bacterial species richness in the wild group than that in culture group. The findings will provide theoretical foundation for sustainable green gibel carp culture.