通过环化反应构建多取代咪唑的最新研究进展

Recent Progress in Synthesis of Polysubstituted Imidazoles by Cyclization Reaction

咪唑是一类非常重要的五元含氮杂环化合物,在有机合成化学中具有广泛的用途,其广泛存在于天然产物、应用药物和材料等领域中,而且也是一类重要的有机合成中间体,因此合成咪唑的方法也倍受人们的关注.归纳总结了通过环化反应构建多取代咪唑的最新研究进展,主要介绍了以肟酯、2H-氮杂环丙烯、酮类化合物、2-氨基吡啶、叠氮化合物、三唑类化合物、炔类化合物、异硫氰酸酯、芳胺类化合物、脒类化合物和腈类化合物等作为起始原料合成咪唑类化合物的方法及研究进展,并展望了它的发展前景.

Imidazoles are a class of very important 5-memeric nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds,which have a wide range of applications in organic synthetic chemistry.They are widely found in natural products,applied drugs,materials and other fields,and are also a class of important organic synthesis intermediates.Therefore,the synthetic method of imidazole has attracted much attention.The recent progress in the synthesis of polysubstituted imidazoles by cyclization reaction is summarized.These methods and research progress of the synthesis of imidazoles from oxime esters,2 H-azacyclopropenes,ketones,2-aminopyridines,azides,triazoles,alkynes,isothiocyanates,aromatic amines,amidines and nitriles are reviewed.Finally,the prospects of the reaction with this reagent are also proposed.