中国文化贸易发展现状、问题与对策建议

The Development Status,Problems and Countermeasures of Chinese Cultural Trade

对外文化贸易是推动中华文化走出去,促进中国经济贸易高质量发展的重要路径。文章运用2000—2020年世界部分国家文化产品和服务进出口贸易的数据,对中国文化贸易发展的规模、结构特征及贸易竞争力水平进行比较分析,发现中国文化贸易规模扩大较快、结构优化明显、文化产品整体贸易竞争力较强,但文化贸易占对外贸易总额的比重仍较低,贸易竞争优势主要体现在高耗能低附加值的文化产品上,知识技术密集型的核心文化产品和文化服务贸易逆差较大、贸易竞争力较弱。因此,为实现文化贸易高质量发展,中国应从创新驱动、内需赋能、开放带动和品牌引领四个方面发力,培育文化贸易新动能和新优势,拓展国际市场空间,优化文化贸易发展新环境。

International cultural trade is an important way to promote Chinese cultural“going-out”and boost the high-quality development of China’s economy and trade.This paper uses the data of import and export trade of cultural products and services in some countries from2000 to2020 to compare and analyze the development scale,structural characteristics and level of trade competitiveness of China in cultural trade field.It is found that the scale of Chinese cultural trade has expanded rapidly;the structure has been optimized;and the overall cultural product has a relatively strong trade competitiveness.However,cultural trade still accounts for a relatively low proportion of total foreign trade;the competitive advantage of cultural trade is mainly reflected in cultural products with high energy consumption and low value-added;and knowledge and technology-intensive core cultural products and services have a large trade deficit and weaker trade competitiveness.Therefore,to promote the high-quality development of cultural trade,the efforts should be made from the four aspects of innovation-driven,domestic demand-enabled,openness-driven and brand-led to cultivate new momentum and new advantages of cultural trade,optimize the new environment for cultural trade development,and expand international market space.