2018-2020年地方病防治专项三年攻坚行动期间陕西省宝鸡市孕妇碘营养状况分析

Iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Baoji City Shaanxi Province during a three-year special action for prevention and control of endemic diseases(2018-2020)

目的了解陕西省宝鸡市孕妇碘营养状况,为妊娠期科学补碘提供依据。方法2018年1月至2020年12月,每年分别将宝鸡市12个县区按不同方位划分为5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇(街道办),每个乡镇(街道办)抽取21名孕妇,采集其家中食用盐盐样、1次即时尿样测定碘含量。结果共采集孕妇家中食用盐盐样3783份,盐碘中位数为24.00 mg/kg,不同年份间盐碘中位数比较差异有统计学意义(H=118.22,P<0.01);共检测孕妇尿样3783份,尿碘中位数为192.44μg/L,城区、平原、山区间孕妇尿碘中位数(205.08、193.61、182.75μg/L)比较差异有统计学意义(H=17.53,P<0.01),不同孕期间孕妇尿碘中位数(早、中、晚:194.47、198.19、183.54μg/L)比较差异有统计学意义(H=6.18,P<0.05),不同年龄组间孕妇尿碘中位数比较差异无统计学意义(H=2.25,P>0.05)。结论宝鸡市孕妇碘营养总体上处于适宜水平。仍需加强重点人群的健康教育,倡导科学食用碘盐,提高孕妇碘营养水平。

Objective To study the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Baoji City Shaanxi Province,and to provide basis for iodine supplementation scientifically in pregnancy period.Methods From January 2018 to December 2020,12 counties and districts in Baoji City were divided into 5 districts according to different directions each year,1 township(sub-district office)was selected from each district and 21 pregnant women from each township(sub-district office)were selected,domestic salt samples and instant urine samples were collected to determine the contents of iodine.Results A total of 3783 pregnant women's domestic salt samples were collected,the median salt iodine was 24.00 mg/kg,the difference of median salt iodine among different years was statistically significant(H=118.22,P<0.01).A total of 3783 urine samples were tested,and the median urinary iodine was 192.44μg/L.The median urinary iodine of pregnant women in urban,plain and mountainous areas(205.08,193.61 and 182.75μg/L)was significantly different(H=17.53,P<0.01);the median urinary iodine of pregnant women in different pregnancy periods(early,mid and late:194.47,198.19 and 183.54μg/L)was significantly different(H=6.18,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in median urinary iodine of pregnant women among different ages(H=2.25,P>0.05).Conclusions The iodine nutrition of pregnant women in Baoji City is generally at an appropriate level.It is necessary to strengthen the health education for key populations,advocate scientific consumption of iodized salt for improving their iodine nutrition.