区块链技术促进贸易创新发展的作用机制与路径

The Mechanism and Path of Blockchain Technology to Promote the Development of Trade Innovation

改善贸易互信环境和促进贸易创新发展,给区块链技术赋能跨境贸易发展提供了空间。文章建立了"技术—能力—价值"的贸易创新发展模型,提出区块链技术通过打造共识机制、协同机制、激励机制和治理机制,赋能跨境的贸易(商品)、物流(服务)、金融(交易)和监管(秩序)四大业务领域。我国贸易领域积极探索打造区块链技术的应用场景,充分挖掘区块链助推贸易创新发展的潜力,需要着力突破区块链的技术问题和制度问题。区块链与贸易发展深度融合的发展路径需要经过初始突破、多点发展、全面协同和价值饱和等四个阶段,围绕贸易流程,逐步优化贸易的互信环境。推动数字强贸,运用区块链技术赋能外贸发展,政府需要从推动区块链与贸易融合发展、打造区块链典型应用案例、构建新型信用体系、探索区块链贸易模式以及推动区块链标准体系建设等方面进行制度创新,推动贸易向新的动态平衡跃升。

Improving the mutual trust environment of the cross-border trade system and promoting the innovative development of trade provide space for blockchain technology to empower the development of cross-border trade.This paper establishes a“technology-capability-value”trade innovation development model,and proposes that blockchain technology can boost the development of trade innovation by building consensus mechanism,coordination mechanism,incentive mechanism and governance mechanism,enable four business areas of cross-border trade:trade(goods),logistics(services),finance(transactions)and supervision(order).In order to actively explore and build the application scenario of blockchain technology,and fully tap the potential of blockchain to promote trade innovation and development in China’s trade field,we need to focus on breaking through the technical and institutional issues of the blockchain.The development path of the deep integration of blockchain and trade development needs to go through four stages of the initial breakthrough stage,multi-point development stage,comprehensive coordination stage,and value saturation stage,and gradually optimize the mutual trust environment of cross-border trade around the cross-border trade process.To strengthen trade with digitalization and use blockchain technology to empower trade development,the government needs to promote the integrated development of blockchain and trade,create typical application cases of blockchain,build a new type of credit system,explore blockchain trade patterns,promote institutional innovation in the construction of the blockchain standard system,and promote the leap of cross-border trade to a new dynamic balance.