四川成年人群下颌骨体副孔解剖位置的锥形束CT研究

A cone-beam computed tomography study on the anatomical position of mandibular accessory foramen for adults in Sichuan

目的通过对下颌骨前部区域舌侧副孔数目与位置以及其与牙槽嵴顶距离的统计,得到不同年龄、性别受试者下颌骨副孔发生情况,为临床口腔手术安全操作提供参考依据。方法选取200名符合条件的患者锥形束CT(cone-beam computed tomography,CBCT)影像资料,获取各副孔数目和位置及其到牙槽嵴顶的平均距离等数据,按性别及年龄分组,用统计学软件SPSS 25对数据进行分析研究,得到性别、年龄与副孔发生情况的关系。结果(1)四川地区成人下颌骨副孔发生率为96.5%;(2)男女受试者下颌骨副孔发生率无明显差异(P=0.706>0.05);(3)不同年龄组受试者下颌骨副孔发生率存在明显差异(P<0.01)并且呈负相关(r=-0.307);(4)随着年龄增长,下颌骨正中区和左、右侧区域副孔到牙槽嵴顶平均距离均减小。结论四川地区成年人群中多数人存在下颌骨副孔现象,且数目随年龄增长而减少,男女间副孔数目无明显差异。临床医生应注意在进行相关区域手术时的常规CBCT检查,防止损伤副孔内的小动脉及神经分支。

Objective The number and distribution of lingual accessory foramen in the anterior region of mandible and the distance between the lingual accessory foramen and the alveolar crest in subjects of different ages and genders were analyzed to provide reference for safe operation in oral surgery.Methods Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)images of 200 eligible patients were chosen and grouped by gender and age to obtain the number and distribution of lingual accessory foramen in the anterior region of mandible and the distance between the accessory foramen and the alveolar crest.Statistical software SPSS25 was utilized to obtain the correlation between gender,age and the occurrence of accessory foramen.Results(1)The incidence of mandibular accessory foramen for adult in Sichuan was 96.5%.(2)There was no obvious difference in the incidence of mandibular accessory foramen between male and female subjects(P=0.706>0.05).(3)The incidence of mandibular accessory foramen in different age groups was significantly different(P<0.01)and negatively correlated with age(r=-0.307).(4)With the increase of age,the distance between the accessory foramen and the alveolar crest in the middle and left and right regions of the mandible decreased.Conclusion Most adults in Sichuan have mandibular accessory foramen,and the number of mandibular accessory foramen decreases with age.There is no obvious difference in the number of mandibular accessory foramen between male and female.Clinicians should pay attention to routine CBCT examination when performing surgery in relevant areas to prevent the injury of small arteries and nerve branches in the accessory foramen.