无核柑橘新品种华柑4号的选育

Breeding report of a new seedless ponkan cultivar Huagan No.4

华柑4号是从靖安椪柑(Citrus reticulata Blanco.)芽变中选育出来的无核柑橘新品种。果实扁圆形,果形指数0.80,平均果皮厚度2.0 mm,平均单果质量124.81 g,成熟后果皮黄橙色。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为13.2%,可滴定酸含量1.17%,维生素C含量为30.77 mg·100 g^(-1),平均单果种子数为0.19粒,混栽或单独栽培均接近无籽;品质上。树势强,结果母枝主要以春梢和早秋梢为主,花芽分化能力强,花量中等,自然授粉坐果率5%~8%,丰产稳产。在湖北武汉地区,12月中下旬成熟。

Huagan No.4 is a new citrus cultivar selected from a bud sport of Jing'an ponkan(Citrus re-ticulata Blanco.)It was firstly discovered in Xiangtian township,Jing'an county,Jiangxi province in1997.Ten grafted trees were planted in the breeding nursery of Huazhong Agricultural University andDangyang city,Hubei province,respectively in 1999.The trees began to bear fruit in 2002.It wasproved to be a true bud mutant by AFLP marker in 2006.Cytological studies in 2013 showed that thekey reason for the formation of seedless fruits was embryo abortion.It was registered as non-major cropcultivar in August 2021.The tree of Huagan No.4 is erect and vigorous.The angle of branches is small.The flower bud differentiation ability is strong,and the fruit setting rate by natural pollination is 5%-8%.The fruit shape is oblate,the fruit shape index is 0.80 and the average fruit weight is 124.81 g,thefruit peel is yellow orange.The total soluble solids of the pulp is 13.2%,the titratable acid 1.17%and vi-tamin C 30.77 mg·100 g^(-1).The fruit is almost seedless,and the average number of seeds per fruit is0.19.The mature period is in the middle to late December in Wuhan,Hubei province.The cultivar issuitable for planting in the areas with effective annual accumulated temperature(≥10℃)in the rangeof 5500-6500℃.The open center tree form is required for high and stable yield.