汉语时间介词双音化的动因

Motivation of Disyllabicization of Synonymous Time Prepositions in Chinese

同义时间介词双音化的动因,不是源自单音介词的“强化”,而是源自时间词的构成性质。汉语介词结构的时间词可以分为自指时间词和转指时间词。转指时间词由介词支配的非时间词或非时间词带时间标示词构成。双音时间介词产生后,基本是介引转指时间词,与单音介词介引自指时间词基本形成二分格局。这种分工形成一种强烈的倾向。双音时间介词的语法化动因是一种“创新”,这种“创新”与一般语法化“创新”不同,富有汉语语法化特点。

The disyllabification of synonymous time prepositions is motivated not out of the "reinforcement" of their monosyllabic prepositions, but out of the nature of the time words. The time words can be divided into self-referential time words and referential time words. Referential time words are composed of non-time words or non-time words with time marker words that are controlled by prepositions. After two-syllabic time prepositions emerge, they are basically referred to time words, and basically forms a dichotomy with monosyllabic prepositions, which introduces self-referential time words. The grammatical motivation is a kind of "innovation" that is different from the general grammatical "innovation" but takes on the characteristics of Chinese grammaticalization.