骨肉瘤关键基因及免疫浸润的生物信息分析

Bioinformatics Analysis on Key Genes and Immune Infiltration of Osteosarcoma

目的通过生物信息学方法筛选骨肉瘤潜在的关键基因,并分析其免疫浸润模式。方法从基因表达综合数据库(GEO)获取与骨肉瘤相关的基因表达谱GSE16088和GSE12865,采用生物信息学方法筛选与骨肉瘤相关的差异表达基因(DEGs),并进行基因本体(GO)功能注释和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析、免疫细胞浸润分析。通过蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络筛选出骨肉瘤潜在的关键基因,利用癌症基因组图谱数据库(TCGA)验证关键基因在骨肉瘤和正常组织样本中的表达情况。结果共筛选出108个DEGs。GO功能注释和KEGG富集分析显示,DEGs主要富集在整合素结合、细胞外基质(ECM)结构成分、ECM受体相互作用和磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)信号通路。巨噬细胞是骨肉瘤最主要的免疫浸润细胞。分泌型磷蛋白1(SPP1)、基质金属肽酶2(MMP2)、赖氨酰氧化酶(LOX)、V型胶原蛋白α(II)链(COL5A2)、黑色素瘤细胞黏附分子(MCAM)5个关键基因在骨肉瘤和正常组织样本中的表达存在差异(P均<0.05)。结论SPP1、MMP2、LOX、COL5A2、MCAM在骨肉瘤中均上调,可能是骨肉瘤潜在的生物标志物。巨噬细胞是骨肉瘤最主要的免疫浸润细胞,可为骨肉瘤的治疗提供新的方向。

Objective To screen the potential key genes of osteosarcoma by bioinformatics methods and analyze their immune infiltration patterns.Methods The gene expression profiles GSE16088 and GSE12865 associated with osteosarcoma were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO),and the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)related to osteosarcoma were screened by bioinformatics tools.Gene Ontology(GO)annotation,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment,and analysis of immune cell infiltration were then carried out for the DEGs.The potential Hub genes of osteosarcoma were identified by protein-protein interaction network,and the expression of Hub genes in osteosarcoma and normal tissue samples was verified via the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA).Results A total of 108 DEGs were screened out.GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment revealed that the DEGs were mainly involved in integrin binding,extracellular matrix(ECM)structural components,ECM receptor interactions,and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway.Macrophages were the predominant infiltrating immune cells in osteosarcoma.Secreted phosphoprotein 1(SPP1),matrix metallopeptidase 2(MMP2),lysyl oxidase(LOX),collagen type V alpha(II)chain(COL5A2),and melanoma cell adhesion molecule(MCAM)presented differential expression between osteosarcoma and normal tissue samples(all P<0.05).Conclusions SPP1,MMP2,LOX,COL5A2,and MCAM are all up-regulated in osteosarcoma,which may serve as potential biomarkers of osteosarcoma.Macrophages are the key infiltrating immune cells in osteosarcoma,which may provide new perspectives for the treatment of osteosarcoma.