力学刺激影响心脏发育的研究进展

Progress in the Role of Mechanical Stimulus in Cardiac Development

力学刺激对心血管发育至关重要。研究发现心内膜细胞和心肌细胞的机械感受器可介导机械信号转导,诱导细胞水平上的基因表达,将分子水平的事件转化为组织水平的结构改变,从而引导胚胎心脏发育与成熟。本文综述了机械信号在胚胎早期心脏发育各阶段,如心管形成、心袢形成、瓣膜及间隔形态发生、心室发育与成熟等过程中的调节作用,并探讨了血小板内皮细胞黏附分子1-血管内皮钙黏蛋白-血管内皮细胞生长因子受体2复合物、初级纤毛、离子通道等机械传感器的潜在机械转导机制,阐释了机械信号对部分心脏发育畸形的影响。

Mechanical stimulus is critical to cardiovascular development during embryogenesis period.The mechanoreceptors of endocardial cells and cardiac myocytes may sense mechanical signals and initiate signal transduction that induce gene expression at a cellular level,and then translate molecular-level events into tissue-level deformations,thus guiding embryo development.This review summarizes the regulatory roles of mechanical signals in the early cardiac development including the formation of heart tube,looping,valve and septal morphogenesis,ventricular development and maturation.Further,we discuss the potential mechanical transduction mechanisms of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1-vascular endothelial-cadherin-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 complex,primary cilia,ion channels,and other mechanical sensors that affect some cardiac malformations.