思维导图下疼痛护理路径在老年胆囊切除术患者中的应用

Application of pain nursing pathway under mind mapping in elderly patients undergoing cholecystectomy

目的研究思维导图下疼痛护理路径对老年胆囊切除术患者术后疼痛感知、心理状态及睡眠质量的影响。方法选取2020年3月至2021年1月期间郑州大学附属肿瘤医院肝胆胰外科收治的89例老年患者为研究对象,均接受胆囊切除术治疗,采用随机数字表法分为对照组44例和观察组45例。对照组给予常规护理,其中男23例、女21例,年龄(70.83±3.65)岁;观察组在此基础上给予思维导图下疼痛护理路径干预,其中男23例、女22例,年龄(71.34±3.21)岁。比较术后3 d两组患者疼痛感知[疼痛信念与感知量表(PBPI)]、心理状态[世界卫生组织(WHO)情绪状态问卷(POMS)]、睡眠质量[匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)]差异。计量资料组间比较采用独立样本t检验,组内采用配对t检验;计数资料采用χ^(2)检验。结果术后3 d,观察组PBPI、POMS、PSQI评分分别为(32.77±5.18)分、(56.63±6.47)分、(23.87±4.39)分,均明显低于对照组的(37.64±6.12)分、(64.16±6.81)分、(27.44±4.78)分,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.055、5.349、3.671,均P<0.001)。结论思维导图下疼痛护理路径干预可有效缓解老年胆囊切除术患者术后疼痛感知,提高心理状态,改善睡眠质量。

Objective To explore the effect of pain nursing pathway under mind mapping on postoperative pain perception,psychological status,and sleep quality of elderly patients undergoing cholecystectomy.Methods Eighty-nine elderly patients treated in department of hepatopancreatobiliary surgery of Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University between March 2020 and January 2021 were selected as the research subjects.All of them received cholecystectomy and were divided into a control group and an observation group with the random number table.The 44 patients in the control group were given routine nursing,including 23 males and 21 females,with an age of(70.83±3.65)years old;the 45 patients in the observation group were given pain nursing pathway intervention under mind mapping on the basis,including 23 males and 22 females,with an age of(71.34±3.21)years old.The differences in pain perception[Pain Belief and Perception Inventory(PBPI)],psychological status[World Health Organization(WHO)Profile of Mood States(POMS)],and sleep quality[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)]were compared between the two groups 3 d after surgery.The measurement data were compared between groups by independent sample t test and within groups by paired t test,and the count data were tested byχ^(2) test.Results Three days after surgery,the PBPI,POMS,and PSQI scores of the observation group were(32.77±5.18),(56.63±6.47),and(23.87±4.39)points,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the control group[(37.64±6.12),(64.16±6.81),and(27.44±4.78)points],with statistically significant differences(t=4.055,5.349,and 3.671;all P<0.001).Conclusion Pain nursing pathway intervention under mind mapping can effectively alleviate the postoperative pain perception,enhance the psychological status,and improve the sleep quality in elderly patients undergoing cholecystectomy.