多雨烟区烤烟水肥供需矛盾与对策--以河北中烟福建省龙岩市漳平烟叶基地为例

The Countermeasures of the Imbalance between Supply and Demand of Water and Fertilizer for Flue-cured Tobacco in Rainy Tobacco-growing Areas-Taking the China Tobacco Hebei Zhangping Tobacco Base in Longyan City,Fujian Province as an example

恰当的水肥供给是烤烟优质适产必不可少的关键技术。福建烟区总体上雨水充沛,在按时按量施肥的情况下,水分与养分供给不足本不应是福建烤烟生长过程中出现的问题。但通过田间实地调查发现漳平烟区的水肥供给与烤烟生长的水肥需求规律脱节的现象常年存在。其根本原因在于烟株根系附近土壤水分不足,肥料无法及时溶解转化,烟株难以足量吸收养分,导致烟株难以及时健壮生长发育,进而降低烟叶产质量。因此,多雨烟区同样需要注意防止烤烟生长过程中水肥供给不足问题。

Appropriate water and fertilizer supply is an essential key technology for flue-cured tobacco with high quality and suitable yield.On the whole,the tobacco areas in Fujian are full of rain,with fertilizing on time and in quantity,insufficient water and nutrient supply should not be a problem in the growth process of Fujian flue-cured tobacco.However,through field investigation the author found that the water and fertilizer supply in the tobacco area of Zhangping did not meet the law of demand for flue-cured tobacco growth.The fundamental reason was that the soil near the root system of the tobacco was insufficient in moisture,the fertilizer couldn’t be dissolved and transformed in time,and the tobacco was difficult to absorb nutrients in sufficient amounts,which made it difficult for the tobacco plant to grow and develop in a timely manner.As a result,the yield and quality of the tobacco leaf has decreased.Therefore,the rainy tobacco-growing areas also need to pay attention to preventing insufficient water and fertilizer supply during the growth of flue-cured tobacco.