乳腺癌患者需求量表的编制及信效度检验

Development of a Needs Scale for Breast Cancer Patients and the test of its reliability and validity

目的编制科学、全面的乳腺癌患者需求量表,并对其进行信效度检验。方法以马斯洛需求层次理论为指导,通过文献回顾、德尔菲专家函询、预调查形成量表初稿;2019年11月—2020年7月选取吉林省、山东省、湖北省、内蒙古自治区等7所综合医院和肿瘤专科医院的乳腺癌患者313例和419例,进行2次问卷调查。运用SPSS 26.0和AMOS 26.0统计学软件分别对2轮调查数据进行项目分析和信效度检验。结果最终形成的乳腺癌患者需求量表包括3个需求类别、6个维度、40个条目。量表各维度及总分与中文版癌症患者未满足需求简明量表总分相关系数为0.479~0.771(P<0.01)。探索性因子分析提取6个公因子,可解释总变异的62.123%;验证性因子分析显示,量表因素结构稳定。总量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.959,重测信度为0.937。结论该研究构建的乳腺癌患者需求量表具有良好的信效度,可用来评估不同阶段乳腺癌患者的需求情况。

Objective To develop a scientific and comprehensive needs scale for breast cancer patients,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods Guided by Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory,a draft of the scale was developed through literature review and Delphi expert consultation.From November 2019 to July 2020,313 and 419 cases of breast cancer patients in 7 general hospitals and specialized oncology hospitals in Jilin,Shandong,Hubei,and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected for 2 rounds of large-sample questionnaire survey.SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 were used to conduct item analysis and reliability and validity test on the data of the 2 rounds of survey respectively.Results The final needs scale for breast cancer patients includes 3 need categories,6 dimensions and 40 items.The correlation coefficient between the dimensions and total score of the scale and the total score of SF-SUNS-C was 0.479~0.771(P<0.01).6 common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis,which could explain the total variance of 62.123%;confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale factor structure was stable.Total scale Cronbach’sαcoefficient was 0.959,and the test-retest reliability was 0.937.Conclusion The developed breast cancer patient needs scale has good reliability and validity and it is considered reliable and effective.It can be used to evaluate the needs of breast cancer patients at different stages and to be promoted and applied in clinical use.