大狼毒根部乙酸乙酯萃取物抑菌活性及急性毒性作用

Antibacterial Activity and Acute Toxicity of Ethyl Acetate Extract from the Root of Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss

云南香格里拉亚高草地植物大狼毒根部化学成分丰富,为进一步探究其抑菌活性和急性毒性作用,本试验检验了大狼毒根部95%乙醇提取物萃取相抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和猪霍乱沙门菌的作用,同时采用寇氏法测定其根部乙酸乙酯萃取物的半数致死量(LD_(50)),连续观察14 d小鼠中毒反应,剖检死亡小鼠,大体观察脏器病理变化。结果显示,大狼毒根部乙酸乙酯萃取物具有良好的抑菌效果,对2种细菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为1.25 mg/mL和2.5 mg/mL;其LD_(50)为4229.607 mg/(kg·bw),死亡小鼠胃肠严重鼓气,肝脏浊肿,肝细胞发生空泡变性。由此可见,大戟属大狼毒根部乙酸乙酯萃取物具有明显的抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和猪霍乱沙门菌的作用,但超量口服该药液可导致小鼠毒性反应、肝脏病变甚至死亡。本试验结果为进一步探索大狼毒药理活性和毒性作用提供初步的试验依据。

The chemical constituents of the root of Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss.from Shangri-La in Yunnan province are abundant,in order to further explore its antibacterial activity and acute toxicity,this study aimed to assess the effect of the ethyl acetate extract from the root of Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss.on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella cholerae suis.The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited antibacterial activity on cultured S.aureus and S.cholerae suis,with the MIC of 1.25 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL,respectively,and the LD_(50) of 4229.607mg/(kg·bw).The dead mice displayed severe gastrointestinal irritation,liver turbid swelling and vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes.Thus,the ethyl acetate extract from the root of Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss.is inhibitive to S.aureus and S.cholera,although oral administration of high dose of the extract may cause toxic reactions,liver lesions and even death in mice.The results of this study can provide a preliminary experimental basis for further exploration of the chemical activity and toxic effect of Euphorbia jolkinii Boiss.