婴幼儿入睡方式及其对睡眠质量的影响

Sleep initiation patterns and their influence on sleep quality in infants and young children

目的了解婴幼儿入睡方式现状、入睡方式的影响因素及其对睡眠质量的影响。方法选取暨南大学附属深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院生长发育门诊体检的521名0~35月龄婴幼儿为研究对象,采用自制问卷和简明婴儿睡眠问卷收集其一般家庭情况、养育行为及近1周的睡眠情况等,采用多因素logistic回归分析评估婴幼儿入睡方式的影响因素,采用多元线性回归分析评估入睡方式对夜醒次数的影响。结果521名婴幼儿中,奶睡258例(49.5%),抱睡62例(11.9%),自行入睡39例(7.5%),父母陪伴入睡162例(31.1%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,目前仍在母乳喂养的婴幼儿和月龄较小的婴幼儿奶睡概率较高(P<0.05),月龄较小的婴幼儿抱睡概率亦较高(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,奶睡显著增加婴幼儿夜醒次数(P<0.05)。结论婴幼儿以奶睡、抱睡及父母陪伴入睡等入睡方式居多;入睡方式与月龄及目前是否仍在母乳喂养相关;奶睡会增加婴幼儿夜醒次数。

Objective To investigate the current status of sleep initiation patterns,influencing factors for sleep initiation patterns,and the influence of sleep initiation patterns on sleep quality in infants and young children.Methods A total of 521 infants and young children,aged 0-35 months,who underwent physical examination at the outpatient service of the Department of Growth and Development in Shenzhen Bao'an Women's and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University were enrolled as subjects.A self-designed questionnaire and Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire were used to collect the information on family background,parenting behaviors,and sleep quality in the past one week.A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors for sleep initiation patterns.A multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of sleep initiation patterns on the number of nighttime awakenings.Results Among the 521 infants and young children,258(49.5%)were breastfed/bottle fed to initiate sleep,62(11.9%)were rocked/held to initiate sleep,39(7.5%)slept independently,and 162(31.1%)initiated sleep accompanied by parents.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the children with breastfeeding and a younger age were more likely to be breastfed/bottle fed to initiate sleep(P<0.05)and that the children with a younger age were also more likely to be rocked/held to initiate sleep(P<0.05).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that sleep initiation with breastfeeding/bottle feeding significantly increased the number of nighttime awakenings(P<0.05).Conclusions Most infants and young children initiate sleep by being breastfed/bottle fed,rocked/held,or accompanied.The sleep initiation pattern is associated with the age of children and whether they are still breastfeeding.Sleep initiation with breastfeeding/bottle feeding can increase the number of nighttime awakenings.