浇注型聚氨酯弹性体水热老化性能及使用寿命研究

Hydrothermal Ageing Properties and Service Life of Casting Polyurethane Elastomer

弹性体材料已广泛用于建筑和交通等领域,其安全使用寿命问题变得至关重要。制备一种新型的浇注型聚氨酯弹性体(CPUE),采用AI-7000M伺服控制拉力试验机进行单轴拉伸试验,测定不同水热老化温度下CPUE材料的力学性能变化,并评估其使用寿命。结果表明,水热60℃时,CPUE材料老化时间增加,定伸10%强度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率呈现出先增加后减小的变化趋势。水热80℃时,CPUE材料老化时间增加,断裂伸长率逐渐增大,定伸10%强度、拉伸强度呈减小趋势。水热温度100℃时,CPUE材料的老化时间增加,其各项力学性能快速降低。以拉伸强度作为评价指标,根据阿累尼乌斯方程预测CPUE材料性能保持率为90%和80%时,使用寿命分别为16856 h和26284 h,符合相关标准。

Elastomer materials have been widely used in construction and transport fields.The issue of safe service life of elastomer materials has become crucial.A new type of casting polyurethane elastomer(CPUE)was prepared.The uniaxial tensile test was carried out with AI-7000 M servo-controlled tensile testing machine to determine the mechanical properties of CPUE material at different hydrothermal ageing temperatures,and evaluate its service life.The results show that,with the ageing time of CPUE material increasing,when the hydrothermal temperature was 60℃,strength at a given 10%elongation,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the material showed a trend of increasing first and decreasing later.When the hydrothermal temperature was 80℃,the ageing time and elongation at break gradually increased,while strength at a given 10%elongation,tensile strength decreased.When the hydrothermal temperatures reached 100℃,the ageing time of CPUE material increases the mechanical properties of CPUE material reduced rapidly.Taking tensile strength as an evaluation index,the service life of the CPUE material is predicted to be 16856 h and26284 h when the material property retention rate is 90%and 80%according to the Arrhenius equation,which agree with the related standards.