中国与东盟农产品贸易竞争性与互补性分析

Analysis on Competitiveness and Complementary of Agricultural Products Trade between China and ASEAN

东盟是中国重要的农产品贸易伙伴。利用RCA指数和TCI指数分析了2010—2020年中国与东盟农产品贸易竞争性和互补性。结果表明:中国在与东盟的农产品贸易中一直处于贸易逆差地位,东盟整体农产品RCA指数要高于中国农产品RCA指数;中国整体农产品出口不具备竞争优势,中国出口与东盟进口各国农产品互补性指数TCI均低于1,表现为中国对东盟农产品贸易互补性较弱,中泰动物产品和植物产品RCI指数大于1,中菲动物产品RCI指数大于1,其余中东农产品RCI指数均小于1,说明农产品互补性较弱;而从东盟对中国出口的角度来看,印中、泰中、越中和菲中RCI指数均较大,表明农产品互补性较强。基于此,未来应优化中国与东盟贸易投资环境及农产品贸易结构,消除农产品贸易壁垒,提高中国与东盟农产品质量及附加值。

ASEAN is an important agricultural trade partner of China. The agricultural trade competitiveness and complementarity between China and ASEAN from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed by using RCA index and TCI index. The results showed that China has always been in the position of trade deficit in agricultural trade between China and ASEAN, the RCA of ASEAN’s overall agricultural products is higher than that of China’s agricultural products. China’s overall agricultural products export has no competitive advantage, the TCI of agricultural products complementarity between China’s export and ASEAN’s import countries is lower than 1, which indicates that the complementarity of agricultural products trade between China and ASEAN is weak, the RCI of animal products and plant products of China and Thailand is greater than 1, and the RCI of animal products of China and the Philippines is greater than 1. The RCI of China and other ASEAN members’ agricultural products is less than 1, indicating weak complementarity of agricultural products. From the perspective of ASEAN exports to China, RCI of India and China, Thailand and China,Vietnam and China and Philippines are all large, indicating the strong complementarity of agricultural products. Based on this, in the future, China and ASEAN should optimize the trade and investment environment and agricultural trade structure, eliminate agricultural trade barriers, and improve the quality and added value of agricultural products between China and ASEAN.