中国特色大国外交的理论基础

The Theoretical Basis of Major Country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics

中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会以来,随着实力的快速提升,中国走出了一条中国特色大国外交之路,取得了显著成就。纵观历史上的大国外交,其理论基础或仅为职业外交官的行为指南,或服务于殖民扩张、霸权主义和强权政治。弥合大国外交的权力优势与外交规范的价值吁求之间的鸿沟、走出一条大国外交理论的构建之路是构建和把握中国特色大国外交理论基础的重要任务。然而,关于中国特色大国外交理论基础的既有研究对解释性理论与构成性理论不加区分,出现了理论与实践“两张皮”等问题。作者在梳理与反思既有研究的基础上,对中国特色大国外交的指导思想和学理基础进行研究,得出结论:在指导思想方面,习近平外交思想作为构成性理论是中国特色大国外交的理论基础;在解释实践方面,共同体理论作为解释性理论是中国特色大国外交的学理基础,是马克思主义中国化的重要成果,也是中华文明天下观创造性转化和创新性发展的产物。

Since the 18th CPC National Congress,with the rise of China’s power,China has embarked on a path of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and made remarkable achievements.Throughout the history of great power diplomacy,its theoretical basis is either only a guide for professional diplomats to conduct,or is used to serve colonial expansion,hegemony and power politics.It is thus an important task to grasp and construct the theoretical basis of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in order to bridge the gap between the power advantage of major country diplomacy and the value appeal of diplomatic norms,and to find a way to construct the theory of major country diplomacy.However,the existing research on the theoretical basis of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics is still relatively weak,and there is no distinction between explanatory theory and constitutive theory,which leads to the mismatch between theory and practice.Based on the review and reflection of existing research,this paper studies the guiding principles and theoretical basis of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and draws the following conclusions:In terms of guiding practice,Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy,as a constitutive theory,is the guiding principle of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.To explain the practice,community theory,as an explanatory theory,is the theoretical basis of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.The community theory is also an important achievement of the Sinicization of Marxism,and the product of the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese civilization’s view of the world.