直线翼垂直轴风力机叶片优化设计研究发展

Research and Development of Blade Optimization Design for Straight-bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

直线翼垂直轴风力机(SB-VAWT)具有加工制造、安装维护方便,对环境适应性强等优点;但同时具有风能利用系数低,启动风速要求高等缺点,使规模化发展和商业化推广带来不利影响。因此,对SB-VAWT的风轮以及叶片局部进行结构优化设计从而改善风力机气动性能,是研究SB-VAWT气动性能的关键技术之一。以下主要阐述辅助小翼、叶片端板、尾缘弯板、涡流发生器以及合成射流技术等5种风力机的风轮或叶片优化设计的研究现状,分析不同类型结构和方法的关鍵技术及性能优劣着重对辅助小翼、涡流发生器和合成射流技术的研究进行分析总结,指出改善气动性能、提高稳定性和风能利用率等方面的关键技术是对风轮叶片结构及控制参数优化、控制策略、流场特征及在流体分离中的作用机理,最后预判SB-VAWT未来的发展趋势和学科前沿,为SB-VAWT的相关研究和应用提供参考.

Straight bladed vertical axis wind turbine(SB-VAWT)has many advantages,such as being convenient to manufacture,install and maintain,and strong adaptability to environment.But at the same time,it has the disadvantages of low utilization coefficient of wind energy and high requirement of starting wind speed,which hinder large-scale development and commercialization.Therefore,it is one of the key technologies to study the aerodynamic performance of SB-VAWT to optimize the structural design of the wind turbine and the blades in order to improve the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine.This paper mainly describes the research status of optimal design of five kinds of wind turbines(auxiliary winglet,blade-tip end plates,trailing edge curved plate,vortex generators and synthetic jet technology)and analyzes the key technologies and performance of different types of structures and methods.The research focuses on analyzing and summarizing for auxiliary winglet,Vortex Generator and synthetic jet technology of SB-VAWT.It is pointed out that the key technologies to improve aerodynamic performance,stability and wind energy utilization are the optimization of wind turbine blade structure and control parameters,control strategy,flow field characteristics and the mechanism of action in fluid separation.Finally,it predicts the future development trend and discipline frontier of SB-VAWT,and provides reference for the related research and application of SB-VAWT.