外包服务有助于减少农药过量施用吗——基于经营规模调节作用的分析

Can Outsourcing Reduce Pesticide Overuse?——Analysis Based on the Moderating Effect of Farmland Scale

减少农药过量施用是推动农业可持续发展的重要举措。本文利用山东省农户调查数据,实证检验了外包服务对农户农药过量施用行为的影响以及经营规模对外包服务影响农户农药过量施用行为的调节效应。研究发现,农药施用环节外包能够显著减少农药过量施用的概率,但通过对比发现,非专业外包服务对减少农药过量施用的效果不显著,只有购买专业外包服务才能够显著降低过量施用农药的概率;与小农户相比,规模户过量施用农药的可能性更低;经营规模在外包服务与农药过量施用行为关系中存在正向调节作用,即当外包服务匹配规模户时,对减少农药过量施用的效果更加显著。为此,应该积极培育外包服务市场,加强外包服务市场的监督和管理,重视小农户与外包服务市场的对接工作。

Reducing the excessive application of pesticides is an important measure to promote the sustainable development of agriculture. Based on the survey data of farmers in Shandong Province, this paper empirically tests the impact of outsourcing services on Farmers’ pesticide overuse behavior and the moderating effect of business scale on outsourcing services on Farmers’ pesticide overuse behavior. The results show that: the outsourcing of pesticide application can significantly reduce the probability of pesticide overuse, but through comparison, it is found that the effect of non-professional outsourcing services on reducing pesticide overuse is not significant, only the purchase of professional outsourcing services can significantly reduce the probability of pesticide overuse;compared with small farmers, large-scale households are less likely to overuse pesticides;the scale of operation is outside. There is a positive moderating effect between outsourcing services and pesticide overuse behavior, that is, when outsourcing services match large-scale households, the effect of reducing pesticide overuse is more significant. Therefore, we should actively cultivate the outsourcing service market, strengthen the supervision and management of the outsourcing service market, and attach importance to the docking work between small farmers and the outsourcing service market.