时空观念:清代诗学元理论探析的一种视角

The Concept of Time and Space:A Perspective on the Meta-Theory of Qing Dynasty Poetics

时空观念既是清代诗学的理论建构逻辑,也是艺术家处理文化与政治生活的坐标。清代诗学时空观念的表现,较之前代有新的特质。从思想基础来说,清代诗学上承儒家的社会理念,在社会秩序中重新规范了诗学与社会政治的位置,追求儒学与社会秩序的复归;从主体条件来说,清代诗家主体意识觉醒,使清代诗学注重诗歌及诗话写作与学术文化的距离,追求心理感悟的时空形式;从诗学的理论形态来看,诗话写作仍以时空意识为逻辑基础,呈现出时空化的审美形态。如此,清代诗学是在传承美学精神的基础上,在社会思想、学术文化环境以及艺术个体追求之间,寻求并重建了一种协同发展的可能,是对儒家秩序规范的新阐发。

The concept of time and space is not only the theoretical construction logic of Qing Dynasty poetics,but also the coordinate of artists dealing with cultural and political life.The expression of time and space concept in Qing Dynasty poetics has new characteristics compared with that in previous dynasties.From the perspective of ideological basis,Qing Dynasty poetics inherited the social concept of Confucianism,re-regulated the position of poetics and social politics in the social order,and pursued the return of Confucianism and the social order.In terms of the subject condition,the awakening of the subject consciousness of the poets in Qing Dynasty made the poetics pay attention to the distance between the poetry discourse and academic culture,and pursue the space-time form of psychological perception.From the perspective of poetic theory,poetic writing is still based on the space-time consciousness and presents the space-time aesthetic form.Thus,on the basis of inheriting the spirit of aesthetics,Qing Dynasty poetics sought and rebuilt a possibility of coordinated development among social thought,cultural academic environment and individual pursuit of art,which was a new interpretation of Confucian social order and norms.