拉伸工艺参数对PP/Talc微孔复合材料性能的影响

Effect of Drawing Process Parameters on Properties of PP/Talc Microporous Composite

利用滑石粉(Talc)填充改性聚丙烯(PP)基体,采用固态口模拉伸法成功制备了聚丙烯/滑石粉微孔复合材料,研究了拉伸速率和拉伸温度等工艺参数对微孔复合材料的密度、耐热性、力学性能和微观结构的影响。研究结果表明,固态口模拉伸后,大量滑石粉粒子周围存在沿拉伸方向的微孔,聚丙烯基体发生取向,形成纤维状结构。提高拉伸速率,能够增强聚丙烯/滑石粉微孔复合材料的力学性能和耐热性;降低拉伸温度能够有效降低微孔复合材料的密度。当拉伸温度为110℃,拉伸速率为2 m/min时,微孔复合材料的综合性能最佳,密度降低至1.002 g/cm^(3),拉伸强度达到最高,其值为131 MPa,维卡软化温度为161.6℃,抗冲击强度达到172.54 kJ/m^(2)。与拉伸前相比,材料密度降低25.9%,拉伸强度提高7.7倍,应用口模拉伸技术可以制备轻质高强的聚烯烃微孔材料。

Polypropylene(PP)matrix was filled with Talc particles,and the polypropylene/talc microporous composite material was successfully prepared by the solid-state die drawing method.The effects of process parameters of drawing rate and drawing temperature on the density,heat resistance,mechanical properties and microstructure of the microporous composite were studied.The results showed that after solid-state die drawing,there were a large number of micropores in drawing direction around the talc particles,and the polypropylene matrix was oriented to form a fibrous structure;increasing the drawing rate could improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the microporous composite;reducing the drawing temperature could effectively reduce the density of the microporous composite.When the drawing temperature was 110℃and the drawing rate was 2 m/min,the overall performance of the microporous composite was the best,the density was 1.002 g/cm^(3),the maximum tensile strength was 131 MPa,and the Vicat softening temperature was 161.6℃and the impact strength reached 172.54 kJ/m^(2).Compared with the material properties before die drawing,the density of the material was reduced by 25.9%,and the tensile strength was increased by 7.7 times.The application of die drawing technology can prepare light-weight and high-strength polyolefin microporous materials.