抗逆力塑造:乡村社区应急治理新框架

Building Resilience: A New Framework for Emergency Governance in Rural Communities

处于前沿阵地的乡村是应急治理的重难点与薄弱点,其突发公共卫生事件应急治理效能的提升对推进乡村社会治理现代化有重要的现实意蕴。以C市S村为研究对象,通过深入性观察与访谈掌握其在新冠肺炎疫情期间的治理措施,再基于抗逆力理论厘清乡村社区突发公共卫生事件应急治理逻辑,发现乡村在应急治理中存在危机防范意识淡薄、群众力量动员不足、疫情防控法治化水平低、医疗卫生条件薄弱、疫情信息透明度低等治理困境。故应以坚持属地管理、构建基层应急治理联防联控网提高联治力,以强化危机意识、信息化赋能基层公共安全治理提高预防力,以重视基层医疗建设、强化公共卫生应急资源提高保障力,以加强普法教育、完善考核与监督提高法治力,以增强信息透明度、健全舆情应对机制提高公信力等方式增强乡村突发公共卫生事件应急治理的抗逆力。

Rural areas at the forefront are the major difficulties and weak points of emergency governance. The improvement of the effectiveness of emergency governance in response to public health emergencies has important practical implications for the modernization of rural social governance. Taking S village in C city as the research object, this paper grasped its governance measures during the COVID-19 period through in-depth observation and interview, and then clarified the logic of public health emergencies governance in rural communities based on the theory of resilience. This paper finds that in the emergency governance of rural areas, there are problems such as weak awareness of crisis prevention, insufficient mobilization of mass forces, low level of legalization for epidemic prevention, weak medical and health conditions, and low transparency of epidemic information. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the territorial governance, build a joint prevention and control network for emergency governance at the grassroots level, improve the joint governance capability. Strengthen the awareness of crisis, information enabling grass-roots public safety governance, improve the prevention capacity. Attach great importance to the construction of primary medical care, strengthen public health emergency resources, improve security capacity, strengthen legal education, improve the assessment and supervision, and improve the rule of law capacity. Enhance the transparency of information, improve the mechanism for responding to public opinion, and enhance public credibility. Through the above methods to enhance the resilience capacity of rural public health emergency governance.