四川省理县中药栽培、养殖、市场流通及应用现状调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Cultivation,Breeding,Market Circulation and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Lixian County of Sichuan Province

目的:对四川省阿坝州理县中药栽培及养殖、市场流通与应用情况进行实地系统调查与科学分析,为理县中药资源的可持续开发、利用和中药产业健康发展奠定扎实基础,也为同类区域中药产业的发展提供借鉴。方法:以《全国中药资源普查技术规范》为指导,采用重点调查和实地走访、问卷调查相结合的方法,选取重点调查区域及对象,对四川省阿坝州理县中药栽培、养殖、市场流通及应用情况进行调查。结果:近年来理县药材栽培基地逐渐增多,栽培品种主要为重楼、猪苓、羌活、花椒等10余种大宗商品药材;米亚罗镇有1家养麝场,历史悠久,年产天然麝香约1 kg。地产药材仍主要由当地药材专营收购商收购,主要销往成都荷花池中药材专业市场;医院和药店的中成药应用量较大,但中药饮片应用量有限;当地民间保留有部分传统验方。结论:理县中药栽培产业尚处于经验性试种阶段,有待规范化和规模化;与其他许多野生药材主产区一样,当地中药材收购商整体规模均较小,中药材流通渠道单一;当地藏族、羌族及民间中药应用经验有待挖掘。

Objective:We conducted field systematic investigation and scientific analysis of the cultivation,breeding,market circulation and application of traditional Chinese medicine in Lixian county of Sichuan Province.This lays a solid foundation for the sustainable development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources,the healthy development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry in Lixian county.And this also provides a certain reference for the development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry in similar regions.Methods:Guided by the Technical Specifications for the National General Survey of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources,using the method of combining key investigation,field visit investigation,questionnaire survey,the key investigation areas and objects were selected to carry out an investigation on the cultivation,breeding,market circulation and application of traditional Chinese medicine in Lixian county of Sichuan Province.Results:In recent years,the cultivation bases of medicinal materials in Lixain county have gradually increased.The main cultivated varieties are more than ten species of bulk commodity medicinal materials,such as Paris polyphylla Sm.,Polyporus umbellatus(Pers.)Fries,Notopterygium forbesii de Boiss.,and Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim..There is a long-established Musk deer breeding in Miyaluo town,with an annual output of about 1 kg of natural musk.The wild medicinal materials produced in Lixian county are still mainly purchased by local medicinal materials specialist purchasers,and are mainly sold to the Chengdu Hehuachi Chinese Medicinal Materials Professional Market.Hospitals and pharmacies in Lixian county use a large amount of Chinese patent medicine,but the amount of Chinese medicine decoction pieces is limited.Local folks have retained part of the traditional prescriptions.Conclusion:The cultivation industry in Lixian county is still in the empirical trial planting stage,and needs to be standardized and scaled up.The overall scale of the Chinese medicinal material buyers is relatively small,and the distribution channels of Chinese medicinal materials are single,which is the same as many other major production areas of wild medicinal materials.Local Tibetan,Qiang and folk experience in the application of Chinese medicine remains to be explored.